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Eight strains of non‐methane‐utilizing aerobic methylotrophic bacteria able to grow on chloromethane as the carbon and energy source have been isolated. Based on their phenotypic and genomic characteristics the new isolates were classified as Hyphomicrobium spp. (strains CM1, CM2, CM9, CM29, CM35) and Methylobacterium spp. (strains CM4, CM30, CM34). All the strains possessed an inducible yet unknown enzyme that catalyzed conversion of chloromethane to HCl and formaldehyde. The latter was oxidized via formate to CO2 or assimilated through icl+ or icl− variants of the serine pathway.

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This paper documents methane utilization in (hyper)saline environments. Methane consumption in the Crimea basins, exhibiting salinities of 8% to 33%, was as much as 1200 pmol cm−3 d−1. This process was mainly associated with the upper layer of sediment (microbial mat), although substantial activity was also located in adjacent water. Studies of the influence of NaCl levels on the methane consumption revealed a positive correlation between optimal salt concentration and the natural salinity of the samples selected.