Background. Braces and micro-implants may serve as retention points for the dental plaque under the condition of insufficient everyday oral care, thus compromising oral hygiene level of orthodontic patients.
Objective. The assess changes of oral hygiene among orthodontic patients with braces and micro-implants during the use of adapted specifically-designed plaque-controlled regime of self-performed oral hygiene measures.
Material and Methods. Study group was formed out of 30 patients aged 18 to 50 years, who were planned to undergo orthodontic treatment with brace system and micro-implant. During the first month of orthodontic treatment patients used a toothbrush with thin bristles, during the second month – V-toothbrush, and during the third month – a two-row and monobundle toothbrush. The interdental hygiene was provided by the size-adjusted toothbrushes. Clinical assessment was provided with the use of hygienic indices (O’Leary, Green-Vermillion and Turesky).
Results. At the period of first month after orthodontic treatment initiation O’Leary index increased abruptly to 52.6±6.4%, which stands for unsatisfactory oral hygiene level. Values of Turesky and Green-Vermillion indices increased twofold after orthodontic appliance attachment, and after first month of treatment their values were 1.98±0.31, and 2.12±0.34 points, respectively; while after third month of treatment – 0.99±0.1 and 1.19±0.14, respectively.
Conclusions. Oral hygiene conditions were deteriorated among all patients, compared to the pre-treatment situation, which was caused by orthodontic appliances fixation. Oral hygiene of the patients with fixed orthodontic appliances should include usage of two-row toothbrush, which most efficiently clean the plaque above and under the brace arch; and a mono-bundle toothbrush for additional cleaning around brace locks, in gingival area, and around micro-implants.
Электромембранные системы способны функционировать в различных режимах когда задается ска-чок потенциала в системе (потенциодинамический или потенциостатический режимы) или плотность тока (гальванодинамический или гальваностатический режимы). Для моделирования переноса в мембранных системах используется система уравнений Нернста -Планка и Пуассона. Эта система уравнений удобна для моделирования потенциодинамического или потенциостатического режимов, так как уравнение Пуас-сона используется для вычисления потенциала. В то же время накоплено большое количество эксперимен-тальных данных именно для гальванодинамического или гальваностатического режимов, которые требуют теоретического анализа. В связи с этим возникает проблема вывода уравнений и краевых условий, удобных для моделирования этих режимов. Решению этой проблемы в одномерном нестационарном случае переноса бинарного электролита, допускающего значительное упрощение по сравнению с двумерными моделями, посвящена данная работа. Karachaevsk, e-mail: kchgu@yandex.ru Electromembrane systems are able to operate in different modes: potentiodynamic when given the potential drop in the system (potentiodynamic or potentiostatic modes) or current density (galvanodinamichesky or galvanostatic mode). For the modeling of transport in membrane systems used by the system of equations NernstPlanck and Poisson. This system of equations is useful for modeling potentiodynamic or potentiostatic mode as the Poisson equation is used to calculate the capacity. At the same time accumulated a large amount of experimental data it is for galvanodinamicheskogo or galvanostatic modes that require theoretical analysis. In connection with this problem the output equations and boundary conditions, suitable for simulation of these regimes. The solution of this problem in the case of one-dimensional non-stationary transfer binary electrolyte, allowing for considerable simplifi cation compared to the two-dimensional model, the focus of this work.
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