The N. Blokhin National Cancer Research Center is one of the few Russian scientific institutions in which hybridoma technology of monoclonal antibody (mAb) production has been successfully established. Using this technology, several dozens of mAbs to various antigens of human leukocytes have been elaborated. These mAbs are widely used for immune status evaluation and for differential diagnostics of leukemias. Two mAbs were used to develop therapeutic drugs. Imuteran is a pharmaceutical form of mAb ICO-25 against a mucin-like antigen of human milk fat globules and proposed for treatment of epithelial cell-originating cancers (breast, intestinal, ovarian, lung cancer, etc.). ThePhase II clinical study of this agent is now nearly completed, and preliminary results suggest Imuteran to be a promising anticancer agent with tumor-stabilizing activity, but patients should be carefully monitored for signs of allergic reactions. mAb ICO-90 against the CD3 antigen of human T lymphocytes was used to develop the therapeutic agent Atemonate proposed for treatment of acute transplant rejection. At present, the Phase II clinical study of this agent is over, and the results confirm the drug safety and efficacy for this indication. The drug is being registered at the Ministry of Healthcare and Social Development, and transfer to serial production is expected shortly.
Bakground. Monoclonal antibodies are reliable and convenient tool for the diagnosis of human pathologies. Most often they are used as conjugates with fluorescent or other labels. The classical approach of creating such conjugates reduces chemical reactions using monoclonal antibodies protein base. However, for a number of manufacturing monoclonal antibodies conjugate followed by embedding tags in the antigen binding site, which leads to reduction or complete loss of specific activity of the conjugate. The way out of this situation could be the synthesis of fluorescent conjugates, methods of carbohydrate chemistry through spatially distant from the active site of the antibody oligosaccharides. The purpose of the study - to show the fundamental possibility of chemical modification of the oligosaccharides monoclonal antibodies ICO series and get to their base fluorescent conjugates. Materials and methods. We used monoclonal antibodies panel ICO series of high purity. Oligosaccharides monoclonal antibodies oxidized to aldehyde groups, is reacted with a hydrazine derivative of biotin and streptavidin-conjugated flyuoristsiinom. The resulting complex was used for the direct reaction immunofluorescence. Results. All modified monoclonal antibodies retain binding specificity to target cells inherent to native antibodies. Conclusions. This may be an alternative method for conjugating a fluorescent label with monoclonal antibodies to protein synthesis methods which lead to loss of activity of the conjugate.
Monoclonal antibody (mAb) against CD133 antigen is a stem marker of human tumor cells. Strain ICO-401 was prepared by cell fusion of murine myeloma NS-1 cells with splenocytes of BALB/ C mice, pre-immunized three times with an interval of two weeks with the cells of human melanoma mel IbrEE34RMCR. Merging was conducted with solution PEG/DMSO. Screening of mAb ICO-401 was performed on human melanoma cell lines from FSBI «N.N. Blokhin RCRC» collection which differ in the expression of CD133 antigen. Antigen expression was evaluated in immunofluorescence reaction by flow cytometer BD FACSCanto TM II. ICO-401 was compared with commercial mAb against CD133 antigen. The results indicated that both mAb recognize the same antigen, but bind to different epitops.
Флуоресцентные зонды на основе моноклональных антител (МКА) широко используются в научных и клинических исследованиях в области онкологии, гематологии, иммунологии, эпидемиологии. Уникальные спектральные свойства природного белка фикоэритрина (PE) сделали его доминирующим флуорофором, широко используемым для создания флуоресцентных зондов на основе МКА. Цель работы-создание иммунофлуоресцентных зондов (ИФЗ) на основе МКА и флуоресцентного красителя фикоэритрина двумя альтернативными методами белковой химии. Материалы и методы. В работе были использованы антитела к антигенам T-лимфоцитов (клон ICO-86, клон ICO-31), флуоресцентный краситель фикоэритрин и бифункциональные агенты SPDP и SMCC. Для выделения и очистки МКА использовали методы жидкостной хроматографии: на I этапе-аффинное выделение иммуноглобулинов на иммобилизованном белке G или в качестве альтернативы-анионообменную колоночную хроматографию. Для очистки конъюгатов (ИФЗ) от исходных компонентов реакции использовали гель-фильтрацию на колонке PD-10. Концентрацию и плотность мечения ИФЗ определяли спектрофотометрически. Результаты. Конъюгирование МКА с PE проводили при молярном отношении компонентов 1 : 2. Мы использовали 2 метода белковой химии для получения конъюгатов на основе МКА с PE. Для этого оба компонента реакции конъюгации-PE и МКАпредварительно были раздельно модифицированы. Показано, что для создания ИФЗ на базе МКА серии ICO применимы оба приведенных метода конъюгирования МКА с РЕ, однако метод II, при котором химической модификации бифункциональным агентом SMCC подвергается только молекула PE по ее свободным аминогруппам, а молекула иммуноглобулина сохраняется в максимально нативном состоянии, исключая дозированное восстановление части дисульфидных групп, является предпочтительным. Заключение. Способы, описанные в статье, позволяют получать ИФЗ на основе МКА серии ICO и РЕ, сравнимые по своим аналитическим характеристикам с зарубежными коммерческими аналогами.
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