Annotation The operation of well sucker rod pump installations is the most massive way of mechanized oil production. A significant part of the wells equipped with low-speed plants of this type have a low flow rate and high water cut. Such conditions create certain restrictions on updating and modernization of the production fund of equipment in operation. The life cycle of a rocking machine is usually significant and often exceeds 20 years. During ISPR operation, both ground and downhole equipment will inevitably wear out. A significant proportion of failures of the ground part of low-speed ISPR is associated with the reduction of the rocking machine, which is the most responsible and most expensive drive element. The resource of the gearbox directly depends on its load, which is characterized by the moment on its crank (output) shaft. Reducing the maximum torque and moment fluctuations in one full swing of the rocking machine will significantly increase the reliability of the gearbox and the entire installation. This paper describes the mathematical apparatus for calculating the moment on the crank shaft of the gearbox, based on the exact kinematics of the drive and the principle of possible movements. The proposed methodology will allow to solve the problems of designing a balancing drive of a low-speed ISPR, to determine the requirements for the engine and transmission.
Development of mature oilfields of the Ural-Volga region is performed primarily by means of downhole sucker-rod pumping units (UShSN). The most characteristic failures of these installations are breakdowns and twist-offs and pump valve failures [1-5]. The ways of the elimination of these accidents vary significantly: rod breakage or twist-off implies pulling out of downhole equipment, and elimination of “sticking” of the pump’s shut-off valve assembly requires rehabilitation of downhole equipment through flushing with water, hot petroleum or a solvent. Failure to identify a malfunction leads to incorrect planning of wellbore equipment rehabilitation activities and, eventually, to economic losses.The cause of downhole equipment malfunctions is usually determined through analysis of dynamometer cards (DC). However, in the majority of cases, the dynamometer cards do not allow to distinguish the rods’ tail end twist-off from the rod pump valve failure. In the paper presented the method is considered for rapid detection of rod breakage and twist-offs (RBT) in the wellbore, which involves creation of an electrical circuit “rod string - tubing string” and monitoring of its integrity. To determine the failure type, the synchronization module measures the system’s resistance on the dielectric coupling via an electromagnetic conduit. In case of RBT, the electrical resistance of “tubing - pump - rod string” circuit will be much higher (over 2 Ohm) than in case of absence of this failure (0…2 Ohm).
Remote monitoring of pumping equipment operation in real mode is being widely introduced at oil and gas industry enterprises. The controllers applied in this process enable preventing progressive destruction of equipment and emergency failures and implementing automatic control of machines’ operation. The actual data collected by these controllers is transferred to the company’s servers and makes it possible to effectively set and address various tasks on equipment maintenance. However, there is still insufficient number of applications to address the problems of pumping equipment operation. The presented paper is aimed at resource efficient operation of equipment by obtaining the information on both actual and predicted technical state of the equipment in real-time mode. The main performance characteristics of a pump deteriorate in the process of its operation, followed by an increase in specific power consumption for injection (with the reservoir properties unchanged). Economic losses due to pump’s wear and tear are determined by the price of electricity and the cost of overhauling. Implementation of the designed monitoring system will make it possible to automatically decide whether further operation of the pump is unprofitable and if it needs to be overhauled. Based on the analysis of the trend of monthly unit costs, the pumping unit will be timely removed for major overhaul when the trend reaches its minimum, which shall provide an average annual economic benefit up to 4,000,000 rubles per pumping unit.
В настоящее время уравновешивание приводов скважинных штанговых насосных установок производят с учетом только энергетических параметров, такой метод не гарантирует оптимальные параметры эксплуатации и нагруженности узлов установки. В тихоходных станках-качалках уравновешенность не зависит от динамических нагрузок и влияет только на электродвигатель и редуктор. Запас надежности двигателя превалирует над тем же параметром редуктора. В работе рассмотрена возможность повышения ресурса редуктора тихоходного станка-качалки, являющегося наиболее ответственным и дорогим узлом привода скважинных штанговых насосных установок. Предлагается проводить уравновешивание тихоходного балансирного привода, учитывая момент на кривошипном валу редуктора: средний момент, максимальный момент, размах максимумов момента на кривошипном валу редуктора за один его оборот. Выбор конкретного критерия можно осуществлять на основе статистики отказов скважинных штанговых насосных установок данного типа.
Oil lifting via sucker rod pump units is the most widespread way to extract oil reservoir products. Complications adversely affecting the operation of downhole equipment and entailing increased wear and premature failure of sucker rod pump units arise in the process of high-viscosity oil production. The pressure and temperature of the well fluid are the main parameters for assessing changes in the properties of the extracted products and for determining the static level of the liquid column. It is possible to control pressure and temperature using sensors located in the immediate vicinity of the well pump. Today, a wired channel is the main way of transmitting the measured data to the well mouth. The present work proposes a new technical solution for a wireless communication channel along tubing strings and rods. The columns are separated by asphaltenes deposits on the surface of the columns and centralizers mounted on the rods. The rod string isolation from the tubing string at the wellhead is carried out through suspension modernization. Columns are closed inside the pump, specifically, on the cylinder-plunger contact. Information is transmitted from the bottom by means of a submersible module, consisting of an electrical separator and electronic circuit. The latter controls the separator closure and opening. The results of measurements of the resistance between the columns indicate the possibility of implementing a communication channel.
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