Abstract. The development of information technologies in Russia and the prospects for their further improvement allow us to identify a stable trend of expansion of both functions of the corresponding automated information systems (AIS) and the spheres of their application. At the same time, many threats to information processes in the AIS are expanding, which in turn stimulates the development of adequate means and systems for ensuring the information security of the AS and methods for assessing their protection. It is necessary to assess the ability of the system to continue its normal functioning under the conditions of permanent destructive influences and to resist them, to adapt the functioning algorithms to new conditions and to organize functional restoration or to ensure functioning with a gradual process of degradation, possibly without losing the most significant "critical" information functions. The analysis and evaluation of reliability are needed to be transformed into the analysis and evaluation of survivability. Survivability can be considered as the ability of the information system to store and restore the performance of basic functions in a given volume and for a given time in the case of a change in the system structure and / or algorithms and the conditions of its functioning due to adverse effects. One of the system survivability indicators is the reserve of survivability (S-survivability) that is the critical number of defects reduced by a unit. The authors will consider defect as a unit of measurement of damage to the information system by adverse impact. U is denoted as the critical number of defects, then S = 1-U is the index of S-survivability. The article gives the definition of an analytical formula for the function of damage and risk.
A model for managing the system "road conditions - traffic flows" is proposed that allows to ensure the functioning of the complex "driver - car - road - environment" in any weather and climate conditions. The analysis of the proposed model and target functional shows that optimization of the "road conditions - traffic flow" system can proceed in many directions, the main of which are: optimal development and placement of the network of forest roads, improving their technical level and level of maintenance, road engineering equipment , efficient traffic management, excluding the rational distribution of forest traffic on the network of forest roads and the management modes on individual logging roads and sections of forest roads. The developed model makes it possible to carry out a theoretical analysis and experimental verification of the interaction between «driver-car-road-environment" system in order to identify the reserves of increasing efficiency of its operation and purposeful management of this process. Transport-operational characteristics of logging roads are the main factors that shape the conditions of timber transport on the road, mode, convenience and safety of traffic and determine the efficiency of road transport, and connections of many characteristics of roads with the traffic modes have deterministic, corrective character. These patterns are the basis for the development of technical requirements for logging roads. The proposed model for integrated creation and management of the functioning of a forest road may already be implemented. However, the design of roads is expedient to provide complex control engineering and organizational measures to ensure the estimated traffic conditions during the whole period of operation of the road, regardless of the time of year and weather and climate conditions. Evaluation of the effectiveness of taken decisions should be made with mandatory consideration for ensuring the required performance of logging road in adverse periods of the year and in difficult weather conditions
The preparation of high quality seed material requires cleaning on special seed graders. Seeds of different cultures have particular surface and shape. Taking into account these differences, various plants have been developed and are widely used. The need for magnetic cleaning is caused by the impossibility of high-quality separation of seeds of different forestry crops. The analysis of modern technical means for the preparation of seed material showed that the idea of combining air and magnetic cleaning deserves special attention. In air magnetic separation, various forces influence a seed particle, the magnitudes and direction of which vary depending on the design parameters of the inductor and the position of a particle in the magnetic field of an inductor. It is possible to investigate the movement of a particle in the working channel, as well as to create a mathematical model by accepting some assumptions, the result of which will determine the main regularities of the air magnetic separation process and theoretically study the influence of the structural and technological parameters of the air separator on separation process. The particle motion curves were constructed for various values of magnetic force in the working channel according to the results of the analysis of seed motion trajectories. During the course of the research the graph illustrating the possibility of performing the process of air magnetic separation depending on the ratio of the air flow rate and magnetic force influencing a particle is presented.
Mathematical modeling of processes occurring in the biotechnological system, including those describing the interaction of functional microorganisms with contaminating microflora, is currently a promising scientific direction. The article discusses the issues of system analysis of the processes occurring in the biotechnological system during fermentation. By "microbiological system" is meant a microbiological process consisting of two subsystems or populations of microorganisms. During a given technological process, these populations interact with each other by using a common resource. Systems analysis and mathematical modeling of microbiological processes is a complex task. It is necessary to take into account a lot of factors, such as the simultaneous occurrence of several non-stationary processes; many state parameters, including analysis of the links between them; change in real time of technological parameters, in particular, the main resource, consideration of various properties of microbial populations affecting the behavior of microbiological systems (mortality, fertility, the existence of extraneous microflora, etc.), and other factors that have a direct impact on the quality of the finished product. In turn, a quantitative analysis of these interactions will lead to the development of scientifically based methods and approaches that minimize the effect of contamination. The analysis was carried out and a system model was constructed reflecting the entire spectrum of interactions between useful and extraneous populations of microorganisms in the production of bakery products. The presented system model allows to continue the study of the questions posed in the work, by further studying its components.
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