A new order, Anetshelloida ordo nov., of the class Rostroconchia (Mollusca) is described. Mor phological structures of Anetshella golowkinskyi (Netchaev, 1894), the only member of the order, are described in detail and are analyzed from the point of view of their origin, development, functional signifi cance, and adaptive morphological changes. The paired muscle scars and presumable variants of the internal structure of Anetshella gen. nov. are described. Probable mechanism for the shell growth in rostroconch mol lusks is discussed. It is shown that the pattern of differentiation of the pallial field in Anetshella combines the characters of both helcionelloid and conocardioid mollusks.
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