The Russian market is oversaturated with grain raw materials in the composition of mixed fodders, which are characterized by a protein deficiency and poor digestibility of nutrients. One of the problems of modern animal husbandry is to increase productivity, and most importantly, to reduce the cost of production due to the efficient use of feed nutrients. Phytobiotics have antiviral, antimicrobial, and immunomodulating effects. Feed consumption is increased and the acid-base environment is normalized when they are included in any diet. Phytobiotics are safe for farm animals and birds. Studies of the amino acid composition and antioxidant activity of the protein feed additive obtained from the leafy mass of red clover plants were carried out in the work. The qualitative and quantitative composition of amino acids and the value of antioxidant activity prove the advisability of introducing a fodder protein supplement into the diet of feeding farm animals and birds. The main advantage of feeding a plant-based supplement is that farm animals and poultry are not exposed to any risks, as well as the possibility of its use as a flavoring and an appetite stimulant. It is assumed that the application of an additive from the vegetative mass of red clover will stimulate growth, reproduction, weight gain and will have antibacterial and immunostimulating effects.
Beet pulp is a secondary material resource obtained using traditional sugar production technology. Bagasse can be used as raw material for biogas plants, obtain biodegradable packaging, and as feed for livestock. Fresh bagasse has several disadvantages: short shelf life, difficulty in transportation, it is advisable to dry it to eliminate these shortcomings. To preserve the useful qualities of pulp, air with a low temperature is used as a drying agent. To study the interaction of various factors affecting the drying process of beet pulp, mathematical methods are used to plan the experiment. A mathematical description of this process can be obtained empirically. Moreover, his mathematical model has the form of a regression equation, found by statistical methods based on experiments. As a result of statistical processing of the experimental data, regression equations are obtained that adequately describe the drying process of beet pulp in an air dryer. As a result of the research, it was proposed to use a drum dryer with a combined energy supply (air and superheated steam), which will not only accelerate the drying process, but also preserve the useful qualities of the product.
Voronezh state university of engineering technologies, Revolution Av., 19 Voronezh, 394036, Russia Military training and research center air force "The air force academy named after the professor N.E. Zhukovsky and Y. A. Gagarin", Old Bolsheviks str., 54a, Voronezh, Russia Summary. At present, methods of drying dispersed materials in variable regimes, when not only the temperature and speed of the drying agent varies with time, but also the state of the material layer undergoes changes, due to controlled hydrodynamics in the working volume of the drying plant. Variable modes are used for drying in oscillating modes, with stepped hydrodynamic and temperature modes, and also when drying in an isothermal cycle. If oscillating drying with alternation of heating and cooling zones of the material and drying of the material in stepwise modes, first of all, is aimed at preserving the quality of the target product, then isothermal drying consists in preheating the material to the maximum permissible temperature with subsequent drying without reducing it during the whole process with a maximum rate of moisture removal. Reduction of heat energy costs in drying processes with variable heat supply is achieved due to the maximum heat recovery in closed thermodynamic cycles for the heat carrier, including using heat pump technology. Using the example of a multi-zone drum dryer, equipped with a two-stage steam compression heat pump, the possibility of a significant saving of heat energy costs during the drying of dispersed material without additional calorific heating. From the analysis of the drying process in the I-d diagram it follows that the utilization and heat recovery in a closed thermodynamic cycle by the heat carrier can reduce the specific energy consumption. An algorithm for controlling technological parameters in the field of permissible technological properties of the dried material is proposed.
The Russian market is oversaturated with grain raw materials in the composition of animal feed, which are characterized by protein deficiency and poor digestibility of nutrients. One of the problems of modern animal husbandry is increasing productivity, and most importantly - reducing the cost of products due to the efficient use of feed nutrients. The indiscriminate use of feed antibiotics as growth stimulants is due to the high cost of imported phytobiotics and poses an additional threat to human and animal health. Phytocompounds affect the processes of metabolism and neutralization of foreign substances, which are carcinogens and mutagens. They have the ability to bind free radicals and reactive metabolites of foreign substances, inhibit xenobiotic activating enzymes and activate detoxication enzymes. Phytobiotics have antiviral, antimicrobial, as well as immunomodelling effects. When they are included in any diet, feed intake increases, the acid-base environment normalizes. Phytobiotics are safe both for farm animals and birds, and for people, easy to use and store, and can also ensure a return on investment. The amino acid composition and antioxidant activity of the protein feed additive obtained from the leaf-stem mass of red clover plants were studied. The qualitative and quantitative composition of amino acids and the value of antioxidant activity show the feasibility of introducing a feed protein supplement into the diet of farm animals and birds.
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