Ⱥɧɧɨɬɚɰɢɹ ɉɪɨɛɥɟɦɚ ɩɟɪɟɞɚɱɢ ɬɟɤɫɬɨɜ ɜ ɢɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɨɧɧɵɯ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɚɯ ɧɟɩɨɫɪɟɞɫɬɜɟɧɧɨ ɫɜɹɡɚɧɚ ɫ ɪɚɡɪɚɛɨɬɤɨɣ ɚɥɝɨɪɢɬɦɨɜ ɫɠɚɬɢɹ ɢɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɢ, ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɟɦ ɩɨɬɨɤɚɦɢ ɢɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɢ, ɬɪɚɧɫɩɨɪɬɧɨɣ ɡɚɞɚɱɟɣ, ɤɨɧ-ɬɟɤɫɬɧɵɦ ɚɧɚɥɢɡɨɦ ɢɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɢ ɞɥɹ ɟɟ ɚɞɪɟɫɧɨɣ ɞɨɫɬɚɜɤɢ. Ɉɞɧɢɦ ɢɡ ɤɥɸɱɟɜɵɯ ɜɨɩɪɨɫɨɜ ɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɨɞɧɨɡɧɚɱɧɨɫɬɶ ɬɪɚɤɬɨɜɤɢ ɩɟɪɟɞɚɜɚɟɦɨɣ ɢɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɢ. ȼ ɪɚɛɨɬɟ ɩɪɟɞɥɚɝɚɟɬɫɹ ɨɞɢɧ ɢɡ ɩɨɞɯɨɞɨɜ ɤ ɪɚɫɫɦɨɬɪɟɧɢɸ ɩɪɨɛɥɟɦɵ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɬɟɤɫɬɚɦɢ: ɫɠɚɬɢɹ ɢ ɩɟɪɟɞɚɱɢ ɢɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɢ ɜ ɥɨɤɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɢɧ-ɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɨɧɧɨɣ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɟ, ɩɪɟɞɧɚɡɧɚɱɟɧɧɨɣ ɞɥɹ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɩɟɪɫɨɧɚɥɨɦ ɢ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɱɚɫɬɧɵɦɢ ɬɟɤɫɬɚɦɢ. Ɋɚɫɫɦɚɬɪɢɜɚɸɬɫɹ ɩɪɨɛɥɟɦɵ ɫɠɚɬɢɹ ɬɟɤɫɬɨɜ ɞɥɹ ɢɯ ɩɟɪɟɞɚɱɢ ɩɨ ɤɚɧɚɥɚɦ ɫɜɹɡɢ ɢ ɚɪɯɢɜɚ-ɰɢɢ ɫ ɫɨɯɪɚɧɟɧɢɟɦ ɫɦɵɫɥɨɜɨɝɨ ɫɨɞɟɪɠɚɧɢɹ. Ⱦɥɹ ɫɬɪɭɤɬɭɪɢɡɚɰɢɢ ɬɟɤɫɬɨɜ ɩɪɟɞɥɚɝɚɟɬɫɹ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨ-ɜɚɬɶ ɦɟɬɨɞ ɨɧɬɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɚɧɚɥɢɡɚ. ɋɠɚɬɢɟ ɬɟɤɫɬɨɜ ɩɪɟɞɥɚɝɚɟɬɫɹ ɜɵɩɨɥɧɢɬɶ ɫ ɩɪɢɦɟɧɟɧɢɟɦ ɬɟɨ-ɪɢɢ ɰɟɩɧɵɯ ɞɪɨɛɟɣ. ɉɪɟɞɥɚɝɚɟɦɵɣ ɩɨɞɯɨɞ ɩɨɡɜɨɥɹɟɬ ɜɵɩɨɥɧɢɬɶ ɫɠɚɬɢɟ ɬɟɤɫɬɚ ɛɟɡ ɩɨɬɟɪɶ ɢ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɛɵɬɶ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧ ɤɚɤ ɜɚɪɢɚɧɬ ɡɚɳɢɬɵ ɬɟɤɫɬɨɜ ɩɪɢ ɫɨɯɪɚɧɟɧɢɢ ɢ ɩɟɪɟɫɵɥɤɟ. Ʉɥɸɱɟɜɵɟ ɫɥɨɜɚ: ɰɟɩɧɵɟ ɞɪɨɛɢ, ɩɟɪɟɞɚɱɚ ɬɟɤɫɬɚ ɛɟɡ ɩɨɬɟɪɶ, ɚɥɝɨɪɢɬɦ ɫɠɚɬɢɹ ɬɟɤɫɬɚ ɛɟɡ ɩɨ-ɬɟɪɶ, ɨɧɬɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɢɣ ɚɧɚɥɢɡ ɬɟɤɫɬɚ.ɐɢɬɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɟ: Ɇɭɪɨɦɫɤɢɣ, Ⱥ.Ⱥ. ɂɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɨɧɬɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɩɨɞɯɨɞɚ ɞɥɹ ɡɚɳɢɬɵ ɞɚɧɧɵɯ ɩɪɢ ɢɯ ɩɟɪɟɫɵɥɤɟ ɢ ɚɪɯɢɜɚɰɢɢ / Ⱥ.Ⱥ. Ɇɭɪɨɦɫɤɢɣ, ɇ.ɉ. Ɍɭɱɤɨɜɚ // Ɉɧɬɨɥɨɝɢɹ ɩɪɨɟɤɬɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ. - . -Ɍ. 6, ʋ2(20). -ɋ. 136-148. -DOI: 10.18287/2223- -9537-2016 ȼɜɟɞɟɧɢɟ Ɍɟɦɚ ɪɚɫɩɪɨɫɬɪɚɧɟɧɢɹ ɢɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɢ ɜɨ ɜɫɟ ɜɪɟɦɟɧɚ ɛɵɥɚ ɜɚɠɧɟɣɲɟɣ ɞɥɹ ɜɫɟɯ ɨɛɥɚɫɬɟɣ ɱɟɥɨɜɟɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ ɢ ɨɛɳɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɪɚɡɜɢɬɢɹ. ɋ ɩɨɹɜɥɟɧɢɟɦ ɢɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɨɧɧɵɯ ɬɟɯ-ɧɨɥɨɝɢɣ ɜɨɡɧɢɤɥɢ ɧɨɜɵɟ ɩɪɨɛɥɟɦɵ, ɫɜɹɡɚɧɧɵɟ ɫ ɤɢɛɟɪɛɟɡɨɩɚɫɧɨɫɬɶɸ, ɤɨɬɨɪɵɟ ɨɛɵɱɧɨ ɨɛ-ɫɭɠɞɚɸɬɫɹ ɜ ɝɥɨɛɚɥɶɧɨɦ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɦ ɚɫɩɟɤɬɟ. Ɍɟɦ ɧɟ ɦɟɧɟɟ, ɩɪɚɤɬɢɱɟɫɤɢ ɤɚɠɞɵɣ ɪɭɤɨ-ɜɨɞɢɬɟɥɶ ɜɵɧɭɠɞɟɧ ɧɚ ɫɜɨɟɦ ɭɪɨɜɧɟ ɬɚɤ ɢɥɢ ɢɧɚɱɟ ɪɟɲɚɬɶ ɩɪɨɛɥɟɦɵ ɩɟɪɟɞɚɱɢ ɢɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɢ ɜ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɟ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɛɟɡ ɢɫɤɚɠɟɧɢɹ, ɚ ɨɛɵɱɧɵɣ ɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɬɟɥɶ ɫɬɚɥɤɢɜɚɟɬɫɹ ɫ ɩɪɨɛɥɟɦɚɦɢ ɡɚɳɢɬɵ ɱɚɫɬɧɵɯ ɚɪɯɢɜɨɜ, ɤɚɤ ɨɬ ɧɟɫɚɧɤɰɢɨɧɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɨɝɨ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɹ, ɬɚɤ ɢ ɨɬ ɩɨɬɟɪɶ ɩɪɢ ɩɟɪɟɞɚɱɟ ɩɨ ɤɚɧɚɥɚɦ ɫɜɹɡɢ ɢɥɢ ɤɨɩɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɢ.Ɂɚɞɚɱɚ ɫɠɚɬɢɹ ɢɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɢ ɛɟɡ ɩɨɬɟɪɶ ɧɟ ɬɟɪɹɟɬ ɫɜɨɟɣ ɚɤɬɭɚɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ ɧɚ ɩɪɨɬɹɠɟɧɢɢ ɜɫɟɝɨ «ɰɢɮɪɨɜɨɝɨ» ɩɟɪɢɨɞɚ ɪɚɡɜɢɬɢɹ ɰɢɜɢɥɢɡɚɰɢɢ, ɢ ɨɫɨɛɟɧɧɨ, ɩɪɢ ɨɛɪɚɛɨɬɤɟ «ɛɨɥɶɲɢɯ ɞɚɧɧɵɯ». Ⱦɥɹ ɯɪɚɧɟɧɢɹ ɢ ɩɟɪɟɞɚɱɢ ɬɟɤɫɬɨɜɨɣ ɢɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɢ ɨɱɟɧɶ ɜɚɠɧɨ ɭɦɟɧɶɲɢɬɶ ɟɺ ɨɛɴɺɦ, ɧɟ ɢɫɤɚ-ɠɚɹ ɫɦɵɫɥɨɜɨɝɨ ɫɨɞɟɪɠɚɧɢɹ. ɋɨɛɫɬɜɟɧɧɨ, ɩɪɨɛɥɟɦɚ ɩɟɪɟɞɚɱɢ ɬɟɤɫɬɚ ɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɩɪɢɱɢɧɨɣ ɜɨɡ-ɧɢɤɧɨɜɟɧɢɹ ɩɪɟɞɦɟɬɧɨɣ ɨɛɥɚɫɬɢ, ɧɚɡɵɜɚɟɦɨɣ ɤɨɞɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɟɦ.ɂɡɜɟɫɬɧɵ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɢɹ ɷɬɨɝɨ ɩɨɧɹɬɢɹ. Ʉɨɞɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɟ -ɩɪɢɫɜɨɟɧɢɟ ɱɢɫɥɨɜɵɯ ɤɨɞɨɜ ɩɨɡɢ-ɰɢɹɦ ɜ ɫɨɰɢɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɚɧɤɟɬɟ [1, ɫ.141]. Ʉɨɞɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɟ (codification, coding, encoding) -ɩɪɨ-ɰɟɫɫ ɨɬɨɛɪɚɠɟɧɢɹ ɫɨɫɬɨɹɧɢɹ ɨɞɧɨɣ ɮɢɡɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ ɱɟɪɟɡ ɫɨɫɬɨɹɧɢɟ ɧɟɤɨɬɨɪɨɣ ɞɪɭɝɨɣ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ, ɩɪɨɢɡɜɨɞɢɦɨɣ ɫ ɰɟɥɶɸ ɩɟɪɟɞɚɱɢ ɢɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɢ [2, ɫ.125]. Ɉɧɬɨɥɨɝɢɹ ɩɪɨɟɤɬɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɬɨɦ ʋ2(20) ȺȺ Ɇɭɪɨɦɫɤɢɣ ɇɉ Ɍɭɱɤɨɜɚ ȼ ɩɟɪɜɨɦ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɢɢ: ɚɧɤɟɬɚ -ɧɨɫɢɬɟɥɶ ɢɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɢ ɩɪɢ ɟɺ ɞɜɢɠɟɧɢɢ. ȼɚɠɧɟɣɲɟɟ ɢɡɨɛɪɟɬɟɧɢɟ ɜ ɨɛɫɭɠɞɚɟɦɨɣ ɨɛɥɚɫɬɢ -ɚɡɛɭɤɚ Ɇɨɪɡɟ. Ʉɨɞ Ɇɨɪɡɟ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɟɬ ɡɜɭɤɨɜɵɟ ɢɥɢ ɫɜɟɬɨɜɵɟ ɫɢɝɧɚɥɵ. Ⱦɥɹ ɤɨɞɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɧɚ ɩɢɫɶɦɟ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɸɬɫɹ ɫɢɦɜɨɥɵ ɬɢɪɟ «-» ɢ ɬɨɱɤɢ «.».Ɉɞɧɨɣ ɢɡ ɝɥɚɜɧɵɯ ɩɪɨɛɥɟɦ ɜɫɹɤɨɝɨ ɤɨɞɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɡɚɳɢ...
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