Background The aim of the study was to obtain feedback from medical students in Russia regarding their e-learning experience during COVID-19 Pandemic. Methods 13 040 students from 46 Medical Schools in Russia completed an original evaluation form validated by 6 experts. Criterion and construct validity were determined in a pilot study (n = 46). The study design was based on the use of Google forms. Participants used the Visual Analog Scale from 1 to 10 to assess the level of knowledge acquired. Results 95.31% of medical schools in Russia switched to e-learning during the Pandemic. 39.8% of the students stated that the time to prepare for the class has doubled. For 19.9% of them, it increased by one third, while 26.6% did not report any changes. 38,4% of the participants are satisfied with particular elements of e-learning, 27.5% like such a format, 22.9% do not like it, and 11.2% could not answer the question. The average scores for the knowledge assessment were 5.9 for the humanities, 6.1 for fundamental science, and 6.0 for clinical training. Conclusions Remote learning was described by medical undergraduates in Russia as the increase in self-instruction time and the decrease in the level of knowledge gained. Only particular components of the “new normal” can be considered for use beyond the pandemic.
Цель: осветить современные представления о гастроинтестинальных проявлениях митохондриальной дисфункции. Проведен анализ отечественной и зарубежной литературы, посвященной гастроинтестинальным проявлениям митохондриальной дисфункции. Функциональные заболевания пищеварительного тракта широко распространены в педиатрической практике, однако на сегодняшний день недостаточно изучены их этиология и патогенез. По данным литературы, нарушения клеточного энергообмена могут лежать в основе нарушения моторики органов желудочно-кишечного тракта-при синдроме циклической рвоты, желудочно-пищеводном рефлюксе, гастростазе, хронической диареи, запорах, синдромах псевдообструкции кишечника, мальабсорбции, синдроме раздраженного кишечника, а также при заболеваниях печени и поджелудочной железы. Ключевые слова: дети, митохондриальная дисфункция, нарушения клеточного энергообмена, болезни желудочно-кишечного тракта, нарушения моторики, функциональные заболевания.
Background The aim of the study was to obtain feedback from medical students in Russia regarding their e-learning experience during COVID-19 Pandemic. Methods Thirteen thousand forty students from 46 Medical Schools in Russia completed an original evaluation form validated by 6 experts. Criterion and construct validity were determined in a pilot study (n = 46). The study design was based on the use of Google Forms. Participants used the Visual Analog Scale from 1 to 10 to assess the level of knowledge acquired. Results 95.31% of medical schools in Russia switched to e-learning during the Pandemic. 39.8% of the students stated that the time to prepare for the class has doubled. For 19.9% of them, it increased by one third, while 26.6% did not report any changes. 38,4% of the participants are satisfied with particular elements of e-learning, 27.5% like such a format, 22.9% do not like it, and 11.2% could not answer the question. The average scores for the knowledge assessment were 5.9 for the humanities, 6.1 for fundamental science, and 6.0 for clinical training. Conclusions The most important findings are increased self-instruction time, insufficient knowledge gained and territorial and socio-economic inequalities within the country. Meanwhile, most students favor distance learning or its particular elements. Consequently, medical education leaders in Russia should consider the implementation of blended training in medicine taking into account specific regional factors, ensuring its effectiveness at all stages.
Purpose.To identify the characteristics of the amino acid profile in children with various disturbances of the motor activity of the gastrointestinal tract. We examined 100 patients treated at the diagnostic department of the Children’s Republican Clinical Hospital of Tatarstan. The main group consisted of 80 patients, 40 of whom were diagnosed with functional constipation, and 40 patients were diagnosed with endoscopically verified gastroesophageal reflux disease. The control group consisted of 20 somatically healthy children with no signs of pathology of the gastrointestinal tract. We determined the content of amino acids in dry blood stains using liquid tandem chromatography-mass spectrometry on Agilent Technologies 6410 Triple Quad LC/MC (USA). We performed statistical analysis of the results using GraphPad InStat (version 3.05; 2000) and Statistica 10.0.Results.We found differences in the amino acid composition of blood of the patients with impaired motor activity of the digestive tract as compared to healthy children. The level of leucine was increased to the greatest extent in the study group. The revealed changes correlated with the severity of the disease.Conclusions. Disorders in the motor activity of the digestive organs are accompanied by changes in the amino acid profile that are associated with the severity of functional constipation and gastroesophageal reflux disease. Some amino acids, in particular leucine and arginine, can be used to diagnose secondary mitochondrial dysfunction in pediatric gastroenterology along with conventional biochemical and chromatomass-spectrometric markers.
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