Argument extraction is the task of identifying arguments, along with their components in text. Arguments can be usually decomposed into a claim and one or more premises justifying it. Among the novel aspects of this work is the thematic domain itself which relates to Social Media, in contrast to traditional research in the area, which concentrates mainly on law documents and scientific publications. The huge increase of social media communities, along with their user tendency to debate, makes the identification of arguments in these texts a necessity. Argument extraction from Social Media is more challenging because texts may not always contain arguments, as is the case of legal documents or scientific publications usually studied. In addition, being less formal in nature, texts in Social Media may not even have proper syntax or spelling. This paper presents a two-step approach for argument extraction from social media texts. During the first step, the proposed approach tries to classify the sentences into “sentences that contain arguments” and “sentences that don’t contain arguments”. In the second step, it tries to identify the exact fragments that contain the premises from the sentences that contain arguments, by utilizing conditional random fields. The results exceed significantly the base line approach, and according to literature, are quite promising.
Image segmentation and annotation are key components of image-based medical computer-aided diagnosis (CAD) systems. In this paper we present Ratsnake, a publicly available generic image annotation tool providing annotation efficiency, semantic awareness, versatility, and extensibility, features that can be exploited to transform it into an effective CAD system. In order to demonstrate this unique capability, we present its novel application for the evaluation and quantification of salient objects and structures of interest in kidney biopsy images. Accurate annotation identifying and quantifying such structures in microscopy images can provide an estimation of pathogenesis in obstructive nephropathy, which is a rather common disease with severe implication in children and infants. However a tool for detecting and quantifying the disease is not yet available. A machine learning-based approach, which utilizes prior domain knowledge and textural image features, is considered for the generation of an image force field customizing the presented tool for automatic evaluation of kidney biopsy images. The experimental evaluation of the proposed application of Ratsnake demonstrates its efficiency and effectiveness and promises its wide applicability across a variety of medical imaging domains.
In this paper, we concentrate on refining the results of segmenting human presence from indoors videos acquired by a fisheye camera, using a 3D mathematical model of the camera. The model has been calibrated according to the specific indoor environment that is being monitored. Human segmentation is implemented using a standard established technique. The fisheye camera used for video acquisition is modeled using a spherical element, while the parameters of the camera model are determined only once, using the correspondence of a number of user-defined landmarks, both in real world coordinates and on the acquired video frame. Subsequently, each pixel of the video frame is inversely mapped to the direction of view in the real world and the relevant data are stored in look-up tables for very fast utilization in real-time video processing. The proposed fisheye camera model enables the inference of possible real world positions of a segmented cluster of pixels in the video frame. In this work, we utilize the constructed camera model to achieve a simple geometric reasoning that corrects gaps and mistakes of the human figure segmentation. Initial results are also presented for a small number of video sequences, which prove the efficiency of the proposed method.
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