Seaborgium / Element 106 / Aqueous chemistry / HydrolysisSummary Seaborgium was previously eluted from cation exchange columns like its homologs molybdenum and tungsten in 0.1 Μ HNO3/5 Χ 10" 4 Μ HF. Its chemical form was presumably a neutral or anionic oxygen containing fluoride. However, species containing no fluoride such as SgOJ" could not be excluded. In order to verify that fluoride complexing played a role in the previous study, another series of cation exchange separations was performed with 7-s 265 Sg in which 0.1 Μ HN0 3 without HF was used as eluent. 265 Sg and ,69 W were produced simultaneously by bombarding a 248 Cm target containing Gd with 124 MeV 22 Ne ions. While 169 W was eluted from the cation exchange columns with an average chemical yield of 59%, no 265 Sg decay chain was detected in the eluent even though about 5 aacorrelations were expected. This non-tungsten like behaviour of seaborgium is tentatively attributed to its lower tendency to hydrolyze compared to that of tungsten. In the previous experiments with seaborgium in the presence of fluoride ions, neutral or anionic fluoride complexes, e.g., Sg0 2 F 2 or SgC^Fä, were likely to be formed and were eluted from the cation exchange columns.
The aim of the study was to determine whether using chemical and radiochemical analysis of lake sediments can highlight changes in the climate. Also it was studied whether human impact on the environment can be observed and to what extent such changes are in agreement with historical data. Samples of 16 cm thick sediment cores from the Smreczynski Staw Lake were collected and divided into 1 cm thick sub-samples. The samples were air dried and homogenized. The quantitative analysis of Fe, Mn, Zn, Cr, Cu, Ni, Cd, and Pb in the digested sediment samples was made by using atomic absorption spectrometry. Simultaneously, the radioactivity of 137Cs using gamma spectrometry and 210Pbuns using alpha spectrometry, were measured for sediment layer dating. Results showed that iron concentration was in the range 0.3–over 1 % (w/w), and zinc 0.01–0.05 % (w/w). Lesser concentrations were found for copper 18.37–43.6 ppm, manganese 37.5–50.7 ppm, lead 146.1–432 ppm, chromium 12.3–37.4 ppm, nickel 3.1–10.8 ppm and cadmium 0.9–34.6 ppm. Changes in 137Cs radioactivity was in the range of 89 ± 11 to 865 ± 62 (Bq kg−1). Sediments composition can accurately reflect (in terms of time and to what extent) air pollution and natural geo-chemical processes in the environment. However, the choice of the analysed object is crucial in this respect. The Smreczynski Staw Lake, due to its location in the mountains and hydrological situation, proved to be very useful for providing undisturbed analytical samples.
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