Background: Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is an autoimmune disease with an elusive etiology and poor prognosis. Due to its diverse clinical presentation, a personalized approach is obligatory and needs to be based on a comprehensive biomarker panel. Therefore, particular metabolomic studies are necessary. Lipidomics addressed these issues and found disturbances in several crucial metabolic pathways.Aim of Review: The review aims to briefly summarize current knowledge related to lipid alterations in systemic sclerosis, highlight its importance, and encourage further research in this field.Key Scientific Concepts of Review: In this review, we summarized the studies on the lipidomic pattern, fatty acids, lipoproteins, cholesterol, eicosanoids, prostaglandins, leukotrienes, lysophospholipids, and sphingolipids in systemic sclerosis. Researchers demonstrated several alternate aspects of lipid metabolism. As we aimed to present our findings in a comprehensive view, we decided to divide our findings into three major groups: “serum lipoproteins,” “fatty acids and derivatives,” and “cellular membrane components,” as we do believe they play a prominent role in SSc pathology.
In 2016, a 65-year-old woman presenting skin thickening and Raynaud's phenomenon was referred to a rheumatologist for systemic sclerosis (SSc) diagnosis. Her modified Rodnan skin score was 18, capillaroscopy showed active scleroderma pattern changes, serological testing revealed a significant titer of antinuclear antibodies, anti-topoisomerase I, and antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies, both anti-myeloperoxidase and anti-proteinase-3.Apart from an elevated CRP and an abnormal sedimentation rate, no abnormality was found in biochemistry, peripheral blood morphology, serum electrophoresis, chest and abdomen computed tomography, or pulmonary function tests. The echocardiography revealed normal bi-ventricular systolic function, mild left-ventricular diastolic dysfunction, and aortic valve stenosis. The patient was diagnosed with the diffuse type of SSc and started a mycophenolate
Interstitial lung disease is a common and dangerous complication of many rheumatic diseases. Progress over the last several years has increased diagnostic capabilities, led to emergence of new therapeutic options and, above all, resulted in deeper awareness of the severity of the problem. Interstitial diseases are a heterogeneous group differentiated through histo-pathological and imaging examinations. Prognosis and recommended therapy depend not only on the form of the interstitial disease, but also largely on its underlying rheumatic disease. The aim of this article is to present the pathology that is the interstitial lung disease and the current knowledge on its treatment.
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