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BackgroundThe goals of diabetes treatment are to keep blood glucose levels as near normal as possible while avoiding complications. Despite the benefits of insulin therapy, many people with diabetes don’t adhere to treatment. Some avoid insulin therapy or refuse to start it. Several studies investigating adherence to chronic disease treatment have evidenced that patients often discontinue their medications or even do not take them at all because they consider them ineffective or experience untoward side effects. To assess adherence to insulin self administration and associated factors among adult patients with diabetes mellitus at endocrinology unit of Tikur Anbessa Specialized Hospital Addis Ababa Ethiopia.MethodsA cross-sectional study was conducted from December to June 2015, on a total of 378 diabetic patients on insulin self administration using convenience sampling method. The data was collected using structured questionnaires after ethical approval and informed signed consent have been taken. The data entry and analysis was conducted using Epi info version 3.5.4 and SPSS version 21.ResultsOne hundred twenty five (33.1%) of the respondents were found to be non-adherent to insulin self injection. Multivariate analysis identified who stopped taking insulin when they feel better, who have Heart disease and those not taking insulin when they were out of home for long time as independent factors for non adherence of insulin self administration.ConclusionThe factors associated with non adherence to insulin self administrations were; forgetting time of injection, deliberately, feeling better and feeling worse.

Road traffic crash injuries are critical public health problems that demand on time post crash response to deliver pre-hospital care. Ethiopia is one of the African countries with the worst pre-hospital care delivery platform. This study describes the current practice of pre-hospital service provided for crash injured individuals. A cross-sectional study was conducted among 430 crash victims attending public hospitals in Addis Ababa. Participants were selected by random sampling upon their arrival to the selected hospitals from January 2019 to August 2020. The study described the data using the percentage, median, and interquartile range. The study used binary logistic regression to assess the relationship between prehospital care provided and 24-hour crash victim mortality. The median scene time was 20 minutes. More than half of respondents transported to hospital greater than 60 minutes. Among the 430 injured individuals, the fatal crash occurred on 21 (4.9%) individuals. The crash injured individuals received pre-hospital care involving wound care, resuscitations with IV (Intravenous) fluid, and immobilization. Using the binary logistic regression model crash injured patients who did not receive ambulance service were three times more chance of mortality during a 24-hour crash event ((P-value=0.002, AOR=3.1 (95%CI 1.5-6.4). This study showed that 33.3% of crash-injured individuals received pre-hospital care. The majority of participants arrived at tertiary level trauma hospital with time greater than platinium 10 minutes scene time and golden an hour transport time. Being male, young, and not receiving pre-hospital care were significantly related to early crash injury mortality. A suitable basic and advanced life support strategy should be designed and implemented to enhance timely crash injury care.

Background Road Traffic crash injury is one of the main public health problems resulting in premature death and disability particularly in low-income countries. However, there is limited evidence on the crash fractures in Ethiopia. Objective The study was conducted to assess the magnitude of road traffic crash fractures and visceral injuries. Methods A hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted on 420 fracture patients. Participants were randomly selected from Addis Ababa City hospitals. The study was carried out between November 2019 and February 2020. Data were collected using a questionnaire and record of medical findings. Multilevel logistic regression analysis was carried out. Ethical clearance was obtained from the Addis Ababa University, College of Health Sciences Institutional Review Board. Confidentiality of participants’ information was maintained. Results The study found out that the majority 265 (63. 1%) of fracture cases were younger in the age group of 18 to 34 years. Males were more affected—311(74.0%). The mortality rate was 59(14.1%), of those 50(85.0%) participants were males. The major road traffic victims were pedestrians—220(52.4%), mainly affected by simple fracture type -105(53.3%) and compound fracture type—92(46. 7%). Drivers mainly suffered from compound fracture type -23 (59.0%). One hundred eighty-two (43.3%) of fracture patients had a visceral injury. Homeless persons who sit or sleep on the roadside had a higher risk of thoracic visceral injury compared to traveler pedestrians (AOR = 4.600(95%CI: 1.215–17.417)); P = 0.025. Conclusion Visceral injury, simple and compound fractures were the common orthopedic injury types reported among crash victims. Males, pedestrians, and young age groups were largely affected by orthopedic fracture cases. Homeless persons who sited or slept on the roadside were significant factors for visceral injury. Therefore, preventing a harmful crash and growing fracture care should be considered to reduce the burden of crash fracture.

Background: Overuse of compassionate care to those under the care may lead to compassion fatigue and burnout. In Ethiopia, there is limited study on the positive outcome of compassionate care known as Compassion Satisfaction and the negative consequences have been described in terms of Compassion Fatigue and Burnout. Therefore, it is important to assess the negative and positive effects of compassionate care. Objective:Prevalence of Compassion Fatigue, Burnout, Compassion Satisfaction, and Associated Factors among Nurses Working in Cancer Treatment Centers in Ethiopia Methods: Institution-based quantitative cross-sectional design was conducted in five randomly selected public hospitals in Ethiopia, from May to April 2020. All the nurses who were working in the cancer treatment centers of the five hospitals were included in the study. Data were collected using a standard self-administer questionnaire and the data were analyzed by using the SPSS 21version. Descriptively: frequency, mean, standard deviation, and inferential statistics: Bi-variate and multiple logistic regression analysis were computed to measure the association of variables with compassion fatigue. Confidentiality was maintained. Result: The majority of respondents 154 (67.0%) were female. The age of the participants ranges from 20 to 65 (32.06 + 7.45) years. The mean (SD) scores for the dimensions of compassion satisfaction, burnout, and compassion fatigue were 34.41 (6.74), 27.70 (4.24), and 35.83 (7.78) respectively. This study revealed that male nurses had lower compassion satisfaction than female nurses (P = 0.007). Neuroticism personality trait had positivity associated with compassion fatigue (P = 0.001). Nurses who received low monthly income had significantly lower scores for compassion fatigue (P = 0.002). Social support was the strongest predictor of compassion satisfaction. We found that personality agreeableness, consciousness, and openness personality had significant associations with compassion satisfaction (P< 0.035). Conclusion: In general the study found high compassion fatigue and low compassion satisfaction. Further, being male, having low income and neuroticism personality were associated with compassion fatigue, while agreeableness, consciousness, and openness personality were associated with compassion satisfaction. Therefore, attention should be given to nurses working in cancer centers to ensure positive energy.