We studied the photocatalytic properties of rational designed TiO2-ZnO hybrid nanostructures, which were fabricated by the site-specific deposition of amorphous TiO2 on the tips of ZnO nanorods. Compared with the pure components of ZnO nanorods and amorphous TiO2 nanoparticles, these TiO2-ZnO hybrid nanostructures demonstrated a higher catalytic activity. The strong green emission quenching observed from photoluminescence of TiO2-ZnO hybrid nanostructures implied an enhanced charge transfer/separation process resulting from the novel type II heterostructures with fine interfaces. The catalytic performance of annealing products with different TiO2 phase varied with the annealing temperatures. This is attributed to the combinational changes in Eg of the TiO2 phase, the specific surface area and the quantity of surface hydroxyl groups.
A new interfacial microrheology technique using atomic force microscope ͑AFM͒ as a force sensor is developed. The probe used for microrheology contains a long vertical glass fiber with one end glued onto a rectangular shaped cantilever beam and the other end immersed through a water-air interface. The motion of the modified cantilever can be accurately described by the Langevin equation for a damped harmonic oscillator, from which we obtain the friction coefficient of the glass fiber in contact with the water. It is found that contains two contributions. One is generated by the bulk fluid, which increases with the immersion length of the glass fiber. The other contribution comes from the contact line between the water-air interface and the glass fiber, which is obtained by an extrapolation of the measured at the limit of zero immersion length. The experiment thus demonstrates an application of AFM in the studies of interfacial microrheology and contact line dynamics.
Microfluidics has emerged as an important research field with potential applications such as fluid control devices for micro-machines, micro-electronic cooling systems and liquid drug delivery devices. Micropump containing micro-sized functional structures, made mainly by micromachining technology, [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9] is one of the most important microfluidic components. Different types of micropumps have shown advantages in specific applications. Compared to mechanical micropumps, the non-mechanical types, e.g., electrokinetic pumps, electrohydrodynamic pumps, magnetohydrodynamic pumps, phase transfer pumps, electro-wetting pumps and electrochemical pumps [1][2][3][4][5] (converting energy into the kinetic energy of the fluid) have typical transverse size order(s) of magnitude smaller, suitable as accurate low flow-rate pumps. For electrokinetic pumps, electric field is used for pumping the fluid, based on either the electrokinetic effect of electrophoresis (using electric field to drive charged species in a fluid) or electroosmosis (pumping the fluid through the surface charge of the channels under an electric field)
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