Tomato becomes important as under-storey crop in agroforestry in Indonesia. However, farmers claim that there is yield reduction under such system. Hence, six tomato genotypes were planted under 50% reduced sunshine and full sunshine as control using randomized block nested design with genotype as main plot. The study was carried out in December 2016 to March 2017 at Cikarawang Experimental Farm, IPB Bogor. Research aimed to evaluate the production stability of tomato genotypes under shading treatment. Results showed that 50% shading affected tomato production and disease incident. Number of collected-fruit was 15-60% higher under 50% shading except for Apel Belgia and Tora genotypes that tended to decrease. Incident of gemini virus decreased by 80% and its severity decreased by 70% under 50% shading. However, 50% shading reduced tomato yield at rate 24.1% in each harvesting cycle due to a tendency on reduction on individual fruit size, irrespective genotypes. Present study demonstrated that genotype and disease incident determined tomato yield under shading. It needs further evaluation on the cause of low disease infection under 50% shading.
Research on rice plant breeding to get superior black rice varieties with tender rice texture can be carried out by crossing Black Rice and Mentik Wangi variety. The rice lines derived from a crossing of these two varieties have recently reached the F6 line. The texture of rice is distinguished by the amylose content. The lower of the rice amylose, the more tender of the rice texture, and vice versa. This study aimed to find out the profile of amylose content and the grains morphology of the lines that will be developed as waxy pigmented rice. Analysis of amylose content was carried out using iodine-colorimetry methods. The quantification of amylose was measured based on the regression of the standard amylose curve. The results showed that all the F6 lines had the potential to be developed as waxy pigmented rice. Based on the Kruskall Wallis test, there was a variance in the amylose profile average of the eight genotypes. In terms of grains morphology, the line 482-17-7 and 482-17-18 had a combination colour between the two parents. In addition, there was a significant difference in grains size between the genotypes and the grain size of all lines were classified in the medium size. F6 lines resulted from the crossing between Black Rice and Mentik Wangi are recommended to be used as superior varieties of waxy pigmented rice.
<p>Cabai rawit merupakan salah satu tanaman hortikultura yang bernilai ekonomi tinggi, namun karena adanya perubahan iklim menyababkan dampak negatif terhadap pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman cabai, sehingga perlu adanya pengendalian iklim mikro melalui perlakuan naungan untuk mengurangi efek suhu tinggi. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh intensitas cahaya dan varietas serta interaksinya terhadap pertumbuhan dan produksi tanaman cabai rawit, telah dilakukan di Desa Karang Kemiri, Kecamatan Pekuncen, Kabupaten Banyumas. Rancangan percobaan yang digunakan adalah rancangan acak kelompok lengkap faktorial. Faktor pertama adalah intensitas cahaya (0% dan 50%), faktor kedua adalah varietas V1: Segana, V2: Lada Hijau, V3: Bara, V4: Catas, V5: Kerinci, V6: Raya, V7: Genie, dan V8: Sonar. Variabel pengamatan meliputi jumlah daun, luas daun, diamater batang, umur berbunga, umur berbuah, jumlah bunga dan fruit set. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan intensitas cahaya berpengaruh nyata terhadap luas daun, diameter batang, umur berbunga, umur berbuah, dan jumlah bunga. Terdapat interaksi antara intensitas cahaya dan varietas terhadap umur berbunga dan berbuah tanaman cabai. Umur berbunga dan berbuah varietas cabai yang diamati dipengaruhi oleh naungan dan varietas, beberapa varietas mengalami keterlambatan dalam umur pembungaan dan pembuahan yaitu Segana, Lada Hijau, Kerinci, raya, Genie. Pada varietas Bara, Catas dan Sonar tidak mengalami perubahan umur berbunga dan berbuah.</p><p>Kata kunci: cabai rawit, intensitas cahaya, fruitset</p>
Six tomato genotypes were grown in the field under full sun at 50% reduced light intensity using shading net to evaluate growth, fruit set, and fruit cracking incident. The experiment was conducted during the rainy season in December 2016 to March 2017 in Cikarawang Experimental Station, Bogor, Indonesia. The genotypes tested were sensitive (“Tora” and F7005001-4-1-12-5), tolerant (F7003008-1-12-10-3 and F7003008-1-12-16-2), and shade-loving (SSH-3 and “Apel Belgia”). The results showed 50% shading delayed flowering and harvesting time in all genotypes. Genotype and shading treatments had an independent effect on fruit set. Shaded plants had lower flower abortion and resulted in a higher number of fruits per harvest, except in “Apel Belgia” and “Tora” genotypes. Fruit cracking incidents were low under shading implying the use of shading can increase tomato quality. However, it needs further investigation through using natural shading, e.g., intercropping system before this finding is applied in farmers’ field.
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