Relativistic electrons, accelerated by the laser ponderomotive force, can be focused onto a high-Z convertor to generate high-brightness beams of γ-rays, which in turn can be used to induce photonuclear reactions. In this work, the possibility of photo-transmutation of long-lived radionuclide 135 Cs by laser-plasma driven electron source has been demonstrated through Geant4 simulations. High energy electron generation, bremsstrahlung and photonuclear reaction have been observed at four different laser intensities of 10 20 W/cm 2 , 5 × 10 20 W/cm 2 , 10 21 W/cm 2 and 5 × 10 21 W/cm 2 , respectively. It was shown that the laser intensity and the target geometry have strong effect on the transmutation reaction yield. At different laser intensities the recommended target sizes were found to obtain the maximum reaction yield. The remarkable feature of this work is to evaluate the optimal laser intensity to produce maximum reaction yield of 10 8 per Joule laser pulse energy, which is 10 21 W/cm 2 . Our study suggests photo-transmutation driven by laser-based electron source as a promising approach for experimental research into transmutation reactions, with potential applications to nuclear waste management.
A simple device for precise measurement of electronic charges is designed in this paper. The electriferous ball deflect at an angle when placed in a strong electric field and kept balanced. The optical maser then deflect at the same angle through the sensor. The laser light reflect between the two mirrors up and down for many times, enlarging the displacement of the ball. Then the electronic charges of the ball will be precisely attained through geometric and mechanical relationships.
A simple physics experiment method for measuring number of micro power electronics is designed in this paper. Based on simple mechanical balance theory and optical reflection theory, the method accurately transforms the measurement of electronic number into the length measurement and deduces the formula for measuring micro-power. And the electronic number can be attained with the power of one single electron. The experimental error can be controlled to less than 100e.
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