By analyzing the correlation between land use and water environment at the urban watershed, we can deeply understand the interrelationships of land use planning and control to water environment management, and provide scientific basis of ecological land use planning for water environment protection. This paper summarizes the previous empirical results on the relationship between land use and water environment, discusses the restriction and guidance of water environment objectives on land use. Based on those results, this paper proposes the ecological practice approaches for urban watershed, which integrate water environment objectives to ecological land use planning. Furthermore, it puts forward spatial planning strategies for improving water environment performance, from three aspects, (non-)construction land use proportion, land use type and layout at the urban watershed. Lastly, from stream source to outlet, it proposes three conceptual models of ecological transect, aiming at three kinds of urban watershed with different degree of restriction. Exploring to translate quantitative water environment objectives into spatial planning strategies, can provide a spatial framework for improving water quality of urban streams, and also, help us to use land use planning tools to effectively cope with urban water environmental problems.
Abstract. Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) is a popular approach to obtain the weights of criteria in Multi-criteria Decision Making (MCDM) by pairwise comparison, in which, however, if the consistency check at the final stage could not be passed, another round of judgment has to be made until the requirement is met. While in reality, especially in Group Decision Making (GDM), it is difficult to require the respondents to give their opinions once again and again. Therefore, methods to derive weights directly from the judgment matrices become imperative. The paper aims to present an approach of such a kind, which not only expands the traditional use of Borda count to take the respondents' confidence and importance into account, but also provides a way to find the preference weights of criteria. Finally, an example of its application in a real investigation about conservation buffers in a watershed is given to show its effectiveness.
When carrying out management works for virescence and maintenance of modern garden landscape, we must pay attention to the protective work against natural disasters, strengthen the supply of fertilizer and water to meet the growth needs of plants, meanwhile implement preventative and therapeutic methods in an effective way against plant diseases and pests.
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