At present closed and open loop geothermal heat pumps are in use. Nevertheless, they have disadvantages, which seriously limit their wide use. First disadvantage is the shortage of rather large free areas for laying underground heat exchangers in form of rather long pipelines. This problem arises especially in towns and large cities. Second disadvantage is the rather expensive and often not affordable construction of heating and cooling systems, sourced by heat pumps. For overcoming mentioned disadvantages and increasing energy efficiency and cost effectiveness of heating and cooling systems a new structure of heat pump and method for its calculation and design are suggested. Because the developed heat pump is able round year efficiently satisfying thermal needs for different purposes of a house it is called "universal heat pump".
Abstract:Single pane glazed flat solar heaters found rather wide application for domestic hot water supply. However, the practice of use shows some discrepancy between estimated and observed data: in one case the temperature of hot water does not conform to the expected pattern, in other case doubts arise about correctness of their sizes, in some cases the quantity of heated water is not enough, etc. Because of such divergence of opinions, it is becoming necessary to think about correctness of existing methods of sizing and designing of flat plate solar water heaters. This article attempts to develop a new structure and improved method for calculation and design of flat plate solar water heaters. Analysis proved relatively higher energy and cost effectiveness of the new structure of flat plate solar water heater.
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