The use of photocatalysis for water
purification and environmental
protection is of key interest. However, the reaction kinetics can
be limited by the restricted accessibility of electron acceptor oxygen
and the low adsorption of organic compoundscrucial factors
underlying photocatalytic performance. Here we simultaneously alleviate
these constraints via reaction interface microenvironment design using
superhydrophobic (SHB) TiO2 nanoarrays as a model photocatalyst.
The low surface energy and rough surface microstructure features of
the SHB nanoarrays give the photocatalytic system long-range hydrophobic
force and an air–water–solid triphase reaction interface.
This simultaneously changes the adsorption model of organic compounds
and the access pathway of oxygen, leading to a markedly enhanced adsorption
capacity and higher interfacial oxygen levels. These synergistic qualities
result in over 30-fold higher reaction kinetics versus a normal diphase
system. In addition, this photocatalytic system is stable via repeated
cycling. Our findings highlight the importance of reaction interface
microenvironment design and reveal an effective path for the development
of efficient photocatalysis systems.
Background: The emergence of multidrug resistance (MDR) and extensively drug-resistance (XDR) of Klebsiella pneumoniae strain has brought great threaten to traditional antibiotics. Previous studies showed that plant-derived avonoids have inhibitory functions on pathogens. However, In K. pneumoniae, the antibacterial activities of different avonoids on the growth and bio lm formation remains a mystery. The aim of the present study is to evaluate the antioxidant abilities of different avonoids and to identify their inhibitory effects on K. pneumoniae growth and bio lm formation.Results: Totally 10 avonoids representing 4 major categories were screened and used in this study. The antioxidant capacity of each avonoid was evaluated through a DPPH assay. Rutin showed highest free radical scavenging capacity, followed by kaempferol, luteolin, quercetin, apigenin, hesperidin, sinensetin, naringenin, naringin and 3,5,6,7,8,3',4'-heptamethoxy avone. The inhibitory effect of rutin and naringin on bacteria growth were compared. The antibacterial activity of avonoid is highly correlated with the antioxidant capacity. Among these avonoids, rutin showed the best inhibitory capacity against both the growth curve and bio lm production. The lowest value of MIC was found in rutin against K. pneumoniae ATCC700603 (1024μg/mL) and E.coli ATCC25922 (512μg/mL). The MBIC were not found. The expression pro les of 15 genes were analyzed in bio lm cells both with and without rutin treatment. The correlation analysis showed the mrkA gene expression was positively correlated with the bio lm biomass accumulation.Conclusions: Our study indicated that avonols showed stronger antibacterial activities. The bio lm production is correlated with several gene expression rather than one. Rutin is a potential agent to inhibit the K. pneumoniae bio lm formation.
To investigate clinical characteristics and outcomes of transplantation in AML patients with FLT3-ITD/DNMT3A double mutation, we retrospectively analyzed 206 Chinese patients with AML after Sanger sequencing. Our analysis showed that AML patients with FLT3-ITD and DNMT3A R882 mutations had a higher white blood cell count and a lower complete remission (CR) rate after first induction chemotherapy. All 206 patients received allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) in status of CR. These results indicate that AML patients with FLT3-ITD and DNMT3A R882 double mutation show a higher 2-year cumulative incidence of relapse (CIR), lower 2-year overall survival (OS) rate, and lower 2-year leukocyte-free survival (LFS) after allo-HSCT. The univariate and multivariate analyses confirmed that disease status prior to transplantation, FLT3-ITD, FLT3-ITD, and DNMT3A R882 double mutation were independent factors for poor prognosis after allo-HSCT. In summary, the present cohort study demonstrated that FLT3-ITD and DNMT3A R882 double mutation predicts poor prognosis in Chinese AML patients receiving chemotherapy or allo-HSCT treatment.
Objective
Diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs) and ESKAPE pathogens have attracted attention globally, but the role of ESKAPE pathogens in diabetic foot infection is not well described. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the clinical features, antimicrobial resistance, and risk factors for ESKAPE infection in patients with DFUs.
Methods
A retrospective study was conducted on 180 patients with diabetic foot infection admitted to The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University (Luzhou, China), from January 2017 to April 2021. Antimicrobial susceptibilities of all isolates were determined. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to analyze the independent risk factors for ESKAPE infection, multidrug-resistant (MDR)-ESKAPE infection, MDR-pathogen infection, and severe group in patients with DFUs.
Results
A total of 206 isolates were collected, of which 42.2% were ESKAPE pathogens. The independent risk factors for ESKAPE infection were cigarette smoking (OR = 1.958; 95% CI, 1.015–3.777) and peripheral vascular disease (OR = 2.096; 95% CI, 1.100–3.992), while alcohol consumption (OR = 2.172; 95% CI, 1.104–4.272) was the independent risk factor for MDR-pathogen infection. Additionally, the independent risk factors for severe DFU group were invasive treatment (OR = 326.642; 95% CI, 76.644–1392.08), the duration of systemic antibiotic treatment (OR = 0.918; 95% CI, 0.849–0.992), and length of hospital stay (OR = 1.145; 95% CI, 1.043–1.256). No independent risk factors for MDR-ESKAPE infection were found.
Conclusion
Our data established the microbiological features of ESKAPE pathogens and clinical manifestations of diabetic foot infection, and provide support for monitoring and management of ESKAPE infection in patients with DFUs in southwest China.
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