The number of patients in whom atrial fibrillation was detected was relatively low. It is often a self-limited complication of PFO closure that may occur more frequently in elderly patients and those treated with the STARFlex device.

PFO closure using the HELEX® Occluder system is feasible and safe. Complications and adverse events during long-term follow-up are rare. The safety profile and efficacy in prevention of recurrent events compare well to that reported with other closure devices.

Transcatheter application of a suture for closure of PFO is technically feasible and safe. However, despite successful suturing of the septum primum to the septum secundum, the PFO did not close in most of the patients.

The SeptRx PFO closure device appears to be safe and effective. The advantage of this occluder is that there is only minimal foreign material on the left and right sides of the interatrial septum. This is the first such "in-tunnel" PFO closure device.