Metallic lithium electrode with high capacity of 3860 mA h g−1 is the most promising candidate for rechargeable batteries. However, some inherent problems such as dendrite growth, uneven solid electrolyte interphase (SEI), and high manufacturing risk restraint its practical application. Herein, distinct from the conventional mosaic structure, a facile fabrication of in situ self‐assembled organic/inorganic hybrid SEI with ordered dual‐layer structure on the lithium surface to suppress dendrite formation is proposed. With the aid of moderate active fluoric‐containing ionic liquid, the as‐formed lithium fluoride and robust ordered organic moieties are in situ self‐assembled on the metallic lithium surface. The evolution process of the dual‐layered structure is revealed by X‐ray spectroscopy, in situ sum frequency generation spectroscopy, and atomic force microscopy. The formed “double protection” ordered hybrid interphase layer also exhibits the surprising ability against the corrosion of carbonate electrolyte or dry air. As a consequence, the pretreated metallic lithium electrode represents excellent stripping/plating reversibility of ≈99% and a long lifespan up to 1200 h without formation of dendrite, and remains high performance at a current density of 10 mA cm−2, which is much higher than most reports, showing the facilitating promising to the future utilization.

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The objective of this study was to determine the pharmacokinetics of tildipirosin in rabbits after a single intravenous (i.v.) and intramuscular (i.m.) injection at a dose of 4 mg/kg. Twelve white New Zealand rabbits were assigned to a randomized, parallel trial design. Blood samples were collected prior to administration and up to 14 days postadministration. Plasma concentrations of tildipirosin were quantified using a validated ultra‐high‐performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC‐MS/MS) method. The pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated using a noncompartmental model in WinNonlin 5.2 software. Following i.v. and i.m. administration, the elimination half‐life (T1/2λ) was 81.17 ± 9.28 and 96.68 ± 15.37 hr, respectively, and the mean residence time (MRTlast) was 65.44 ± 10.89 and 67.06 ± 10.49 hr, respectively. After i.v. injection, the plasma clearance rate (Cl) and volume of distribution at steady state (Vdss) were 0.28 ± 0.10 L kg‐1 h−1 and 17.78 ± 5.15 L/kg, respectively. The maximum plasma concentration (Cmax) and time to reach maximum plasma concentration (Tmax) after i.m. administration were 836.2 ± 117.9 ng/ml and 0.33 ± 0.17 hr, respectively. The absolute bioavailability of i.m. administration was 105.4%. Tildipirosin shows favorable pharmacokinetic characteristics in rabbits, with fast absorption, extensive distribution, and high bioavailability. These findings suggest that tildipirosin might be a potential drug for the prevention and treatment of respiratory diseases in rabbits.

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Antibiotic residues are major contaminants in milk because of their use in agriculture and animal husbandry. In particular, streptomycin, an aminoglycoside antibiotic, is a potential risk to consumers because of its ototoxicity, anaphylaxis, and growth inhibition. Herein, monoclonal antibodies for streptomycin were conjugated with europium microspheres to serve as detection probes for the development of a chromatographic time-resolved fluoroimmunoassay to detect streptomycin residues in milk. The method had a low detection limit of 0.58 µg/kg, a linear range of 0.8 to 6.25 µg/kg, and substantial recovery, from 85.6 to 108.3%. It showed slight cross-reactivity with another aminoglycoside analog. Strong correlations between the results of established chromatographic time-resolved fluoroimmunoassay and ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry indicated that the established fluoroimmunoassay is a reliable method for rapid onsite detection of streptomycin in milk and it has great potential in food safety monitoring.