Induced lactation is a method of stimulating breast milk, carried out by non-pregnant women. It is an alternative for women who are unable to have children naturally but wish to experience motherhood by adopting. In Islamic laws, breastfeeding by a woman of another person’s child will turn their relationship into that of a mother and her own child. The permissibility in Islamic law of breastfeeding another person’s child has been taken as an alternative way for adoptive Muslim mothers to “mahram”ise (a male/female who is forbidden permanently, forever) (or familiarize) the relationship with that adopted child. The objective of this study is to explore the experience of adoptive mothers who have breastfed their adopted children through the method of induced lactation. This study focuses on the technical aspects, on how an adoptive mother stimulates the production of breast milk despite not having gone through the process of pregnancy. This study uses the qualitative study method. This study interviewed 12 respondents comprising of Muslim females who had successfully nursed their adopted children before the age of two and fulfilled the requirement to nurse the child until he is fully satisfied for five sessions. The semi structured interview technique was carried out over a 6 months period between the years 2012 to 2013. Data analysis discovered that two methods of induced lactation were performed, i.e., hormone simulation and breast stimulation. This study also found two devices used in the process of breast stimulation, which are Supplemental Feeding Device and Breast pump. In summary, the process of induced lactation to nurse an adopted child can be a success with the right method, technique and equipment.

Breast milk is the best milk for babies. Breastfeeding is not exclusive to biological mothers only, it is relevant to adoptive mothers too. Women who have never given birth are also able to produce breast milk by following induced lactation method. According to Islamic fiqh law (jurisprudence), woman who breastfeed a child who is not her biological child will be mahram to her nurse child. Therefore the aim of this study is to examine the motivating factors to breastfeeding a foster child in a Muslim community in Malaysia. This is a qualitative study using case studies and grounded theory. A total of 12 foster-mothers whom have successfully breastfed their foster children by induced lactation method were involved in this study. The method of collecting data is semi-structured interviews. Qualitative data were analyzed using QSR NVivo Version 10 software using the techniques of content analysis, word based analysis and code based analysis. This study found, the main motivating factor for a foster-mothers to breastfeed her foster child is to build a mahram relationship with her foster child, followed by the maternal instinct, psychology, nutrition, technology, offspring and obligations. Breastfeeding a foster child in the context of a Muslim community in Malaysia aims to achieve two objectives: Islamic tenet (syariat) and goals of humanity. Both of these goals are linked by science i.e. induced lactation technology. This study proves that a Muslim foster-mother can apply induced lactation as a way to build a fosterage (milk kinship) relationship with her foster child which ultimately facilitate in their family life.

This study aim to investigate the indicator of happiness among Islamic multitasking women. Indicator of happiness consist of five dimension which is cognitive, physiology, psychology, spiritual and social. In-depth interviews were used. A total of four Muslim lecturer in Unversiti Teknologi Malaysia were selected in the interview. A qualitative method by using interview were used. The data from interview were analysed by using thematic analysis from four respondents that meet the selection criteria. The result shows that happiness is comprises of five element which is physiology, psychology, spiritual, cognitive and social. All the elements need to be align with Allah’s commandment as when the element is connected with Allah, then the true happiness would be achieve. A Muslim understand that worldly happiness is just temporary and the eternal happiness are the one that should being pursue and lasting forever.

In this era of Industrial Revolution 4.0, everyone relies on the Internet in their daily lives. Recent research shows the blooming of Internet-based milk sharing, i.e. Eats On Feets and Human Milk 4 Human Babies, which are already operating in nearly 40 countries. Both organisations mentioned use Facebook to connect mothers, and practise under a commerce-free model in which milk is not bought and sold, but is freely given. However, Muslim community cannot fully utilize this platform as Islam has several guidelines regarding human milk sharing which is not covered by them. This paper presents a framework for milk sharing online web application that complies with Islamic laws featuring storing donors and recipients data in the database, managing human milk transactions and connecting both parties in the form of ‘Family Tree’ to keep track and avoid confusion regarding mixed lineage. The research methodology base on the (1) urgent need to find a human milk supply, especially for preterm babies, sick infants and those infants that cannot be breastfed, (2) high awareness of mothers who are awarded with surplus human milk to share their milk to the infants in need, and (3) online human milk selling phenomenon that will cause confusion especially among Muslims related to mahram and heredity, their infant’s safety and health issues. As a conclusion, this system is able to provide solutions to all three interrelated issues. The privilege of this system is that it provides the opportunity for infants to enjoy human milk from other women, while at the same time linking the siblings' linkages as outlined by Islamic law.

This article will highlight the practices practiced in Malay medicine to diagnose an illness experienced by a patient based on the information contained in the kitab tib. This study will focus on six kitab tib that have been transliterated to roman writing. Then, these kitab tib will be analyzed to determine the diagnostic practices presented therein and structured their information based on certain categories and justifications. The main purpose is to analyze the contents of the kitab tib based on these three criteria (i) the diagnosis practices used in each kitab tib, (ii) the elements that influence the diagnosis based on each kitab tib, (iii) the main diagnostic method set forth in each kitab tib. As a result of this study, the practice of diagnosis in Malay medicine based on these kitab tib emphasizes on identifying imbalances between the four main elements of the body namely wind, fire, water and soil. These four elements will affect the state of the fluid in the body and consequently affect the results of the diagnosis. With this, it will determine the appropriate treatment to be given to a patient but it is necessary to provide latest complete analytical information to produce more accurate treatment results.

No abstract

The World Health Organization (WHO) in 2017 revealed one in 160 children having an autism in this world and its prevalence is increasing globally. These statistics clearly show many parents out there struggling with the great challenge of raising and educating these special children. They also face greater stress than parents with normal children and children with other disabilities such as down syndrome. The objective of this study was to examine alternative mechanisms to help parents cope with the reality of the presence of autism children. The study involved methodology in the study of literature review, which is a comprehensive review of various writings and studies on autism analyzed to find alternatives that needs to be applied in the care of this special child. The findings of the analysis found IKHLAS concepts which are knowledge, love, hope, training, the heart and support (IKHLAS) should be instilled in every parent with special needs so that the children have the space as well opportunity and should not be neglected by society. This writing is hoped to be a little input for parents and other parties that related which  having children with austim to implement IKHLAS concepts in the efforts of educating and caring for them.

Disease identification or disease diagnosis process is an important element in a treatment process. A complete diagnosis can lead to the determination of the right type of treatment and proper prescription medication in the disease healing process. Syaikh Ahmad Al-Fatani, is a great religious scholar and his medical knowledge in the Malay World, has produced a book manuscript that could be a guide to Malay medical practitioners, especially in the process of diagnosing patients. Hence, this study will discuss Shaykh Ahmad Al-Fatani’s perspective on the method of identifying illness by focusing on his manuscript, Tayyib Al-Ihsan Fi Tibb Al-Insan. The book discusses on Malay medicine, with main focus to determine the medicines and treatments against ailments. Data collection is done through library research and bibliogafi data analysis from this book, past studies and related journals to determine the method using by Syaikh Ahmad Al-Fatani for identification of illness. Although the method of identifying illnesses is not described in detail, the basic principles can be further studied in a more structured and scientific way to aid develop Malay medicine.