Ethanol, as a sustainable biomass fuel, is endowed with the merits of theoretically high energy density and environmental friendliness yet suffers from sluggish kinetics and low selectivity toward the desired complete electrooxidation (C1 pathway). Here, the localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) effect is explored as a manipulating knob to boost electrocatalytic ethanol oxidation reaction in alkaline media under ambient conditions by appropriate visible light. Under illumination, Au@Pt nanoparticles with plasmonic core and active shell exhibit concurrently higher activity (from 2.30 to 4.05 A mg Pt −1 at 0.8 V vs RHE) and C1 selectivity (from 9 to 38% at 0.8 V). In situ attenuated total reflection−surface enhanced infrared absorption spectroscopy (ATR-SEIRAS) provides a molecular level insight into the LSPR promoted C−C bond cleavage and the subsequent CO oxidation. This work not only extends the methodology hyphenating plasmonic electrocatalysis and in situ surface IR spectroscopy but also presents a promising approach for tuning complex reaction pathways.
The dissolution of M in currently popular Pt–M
alloy catalysts
(M = Co, Ni, and Fe) during the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) may
deter their wide application in proton exchange membrane fuel cells
(PEMFCs). In this work, interstitial B-doping in the Pt lattice is
instead used to design a durable and active ORR catalyst, by taking
advantage of its unique regulation of the electronic structure of
surface Pt sites. 3 nm Pt–B nanoparticles on carbon black (Pt–B/C)
are obtained using dimethylamine borane (DMAB) as a reductant and
the B source in a mixed H2O–ethylene glycol precursor
solution. The formation of the B-doped Pt catalyst is verified by
inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectrometry, X-ray diffractometry,
and spherical aberration-corrected scanning transmission electron
microscopy. Both half-cell and single-cell tests indicate that the
as-synthesized Pt–B/C catalyst outperforms the commercial Pt/C(com)
in terms of activity and durability. In particular, the Pt–B/C-based
PEMFC exhibits an initial maximum power density 1.24 times as high
as the Pt/C(com)-based one under otherwise same conditions, with a
15% decay for the former versus a 45% decay for the latter after 30 000
cycles of the accelerated degradation test (ADT). Comparative DFT
calculations on B-doped and undoped Pt(111) surfaces reveal that the
lowered Pt d-band center and the strong interaction of Pt–B
bonding weaken the binding of OH and O species to surface Pt sites
and lessen oxidative disruption of surface Pt atoms. This interstitial
metalloid doping in conjunction with the simple and scalable synthesis
protocol enables the Pt–B/C to be a competitive ORR catalyst
for the PEMFCs.
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