BackgroundCamel mange is an economically important parasitic disease affecting productivity in camel rearing areas of the world if appropriate treatment is not instituted.MethodsA cross-sectional and a controlled field trial were carried out to study the epidemiology of camel mange in Fafan zone, Eastern Ethiopia, and evaluate the efficacy of ivermectin and diazinon in the control of mange infestation in camels on the basis of clinical and parasitological evidence, respectively. Three groups of naturally infested camels and one group of healthy camels each composed of 6 individuals were enrolled: the two infested groups received either ivermectin or diazinon, and the other groups remained untreated.ResultsThe overall prevalence rate of mange in camels in the study area was 31.5 % and the only identified species was Sarcoptes scabiei. The prevalence rate was found to significantly vary (p < 0.05) in relation to body condition and herd size of camels. Both drugs showed significant variation (p < 0.05) on improving clinical and body condition scores. Clearance of mange lesions occurred with both drugs; however, re-infestation was observed in diazinon treated group. Ivermectin significantly improved (p < 0.05) both body condition and clinical scores whereas diazinon markedly improved only the later.ConclusionIn conclusion, camels in the study area harbored considerable level of S. scabiei which warrants institution of an integrated control approach by administration of ivermectin while also sanitating the animal environment.
The Somali Regional State of Ethiopia has suffered the highest number of COVID-19 cases, and infections are rapidly rising. The impact of the crisis on lives and livelihoods of pastoral community is expected to be particularly severe. Coronavirus diseases 2019), had health impacts practically on every community in the world generally and particularly most of the pastoral communities inhabiting the remotest areas of the region have limited access to information on the pandemic and have poor health systems with limited reach to the most vulnerable. Pastoral communities are at a high risk of interacting with zoonotic infectious diseases, owing to their livestock management practices, which include herd mixing and transhumance and the locations they occupy especially their contact with wildlife - as well as the consumption of bush meat among some pastoral communities. In this quick Review we focused on pastoral public health initiatives to safeguard health access and mobility while addressing the direct health effects of COVID-19. In order to effectively respond to the COVID-19 pandemic and safeguard pastoral livelihoods and Health security, it is necessary to take a contextualized one health approach, taking into account how the pandemic will interact with current shocks and vulnerabilities in pastoral areas of the Somali region.
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