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Background Automated and accurate assessment for postural abnormalities is necessary to monitor the clinical progress of Parkinson’s disease (PD). The combination of depth camera and machine learning makes this purpose possible. Methods Kinect was used to collect the postural images from 70 PD patients. The collected images were processed to extract three-dimensional body joints, which were then converted to two-dimensional body joints to obtain eight quantified coronal and sagittal features (F1-F8) of the trunk. The decision tree classifier was carried out over a data set established by the collected features and the corresponding doctors’ MDS-UPDRS-III 3.13 (the 13th item of the third part of Movement Disorder Society-Sponsored Revision of the Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale) scores. An objective function was implanted to further improve the human–machine consistency. Results The automated grading of postural abnormalities for PD patients was realized with only six selected features. The intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) between the machine’s and doctors’ score was 0.940 (95%CI, 0.905–0.962), meaning the machine was highly consistent with the doctors’ judgement. Besides, the decision tree classifier performed outstandingly, reaching 90.0% of accuracy, 95.7% of specificity and 89.1% of sensitivity in rating postural severity. Conclusions We developed an intelligent evaluation system to provide accurate and automated assessment of trunk postural abnormalities in PD patients. This study demonstrates the practicability of our proposed method in the clinical scenario to help making the medical decision about PD.

Introduction The key point for botulinum toxin type A injection in treating cervical dystonia is to accurately identify dystonic muscles. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of 99mtechnetium-sestamibi single-photon emission computed tomography in identifying target muscles in cervical dystonia. Methods In the study group (n = 18), target muscles were selected according to clinical evaluation combined with 99mtechnetium-sestamibi single-photon emission computed tomography, while in the control group (n = 18), target muscles were selected by clinical evaluation alone. All patients were followed-up at 2 weeks, 1, 3 and 6 months after botulinum toxin type A injection. The primary outcomes were the reduction rates in Toronto Western Spasmodic Torticollis Rating Scale and Tsui score at 1 month. Results Although the reduction rates in Toronto Western Spasmodic Torticollis Rating Scale and Tsui scores were not different between the two groups at 2 weeks and 1 month, the reduction rates in both scores were significantly higher in the study group at 3 and 6 months. The number of patients receiving re-injection within 6 months was significantly lower in the study group. Also, the re-injection interval was significantly longer in the study group. In the study group, more deep cervical muscles were injected, which concerns especially semispinalis capitis, longissimus capitis, and obliques capitis inferior muscles. Conclusion 99mtechnetium-sestamibi single-photon emission computed tomography is a useful method for screening target muscles in cervical dystonia. It helps clinicians draw a ‘blueprint’ for the distribution of dystonic muscles before botulinum toxin type A injection.

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Background Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) is a non-invasive neuromodulation technique that has been closely examined as a possible treatment for Parkinson’s disease (PD). Owing to various rTMS protocols and results, the optimal mode and suitable PD symptoms have yet to be established. Objectives This study intends to systematically evaluate the efficacy of rTMS intervention and identify optimal stimulation protocol of rTMS for specific motor symptoms. Methods PubMed and web of Science databases were searched before January 2022. Eligible studies included sham-controlled and randomized clinical trials of rTMS intervention for motor dysfunction in patients with PD. Standard mean difference (SMD) was calculated with random-effects models. The effects of rTMS on motor symptoms were mainly estimated by the UPDRS-III. Results A total of 1172 articles were identified, of which 32 articles met the inclusion criteria for meta-analysis. The pooled evidence suggested that rTMS relieves motor symptoms of patients with PD (SMD 0.64, 95%CI [0.47, 0.80]). High frequency stimulation on M1 is the most effective mode of intervention (SMD 0.79, 95%CI [0.52, 1.07]). HF rTMS has significant therapeutic effects on limbs motor function (SMD 1.93, 95%CI [0.73, 3.12] for upper limb function and SMD 0.88, 95%CI [0.43, 1.33] for lower limb function), akinesia (SMD 1.17, 95%CI [0.43, 1.92), rigidity (SMD 1.02, 95%CI [0.12, 1.92]) and tremor(SMD 0.91, 95%CI [0.15, 1.67]). Conclusion rTMS therapy is an effective treatment for motor symptoms of PD and the individualized stimulation protocols for different symptoms would further improve its clinical efficacy.

The development of the society has continually enhanced human material living quality, at the same time, human environmental-protection consciousness has been continually enhanced, and the opinion of energy saving and environment protection has gone into many aspects of human living. People have begun to know that natural resource is limited, and the human can not take from the nature unendingly. Everyone should make great efforts to make the harmony between human and nature. And the landscape design is the ligament between them without fail, and it is the industry with flourish life in recent years in China. It includes the urban square design with hundreds of thousand square meters and the courtyard design with a few square meters, and if the energy problem of landscape design can not be solved better, it will induce large of energy wastes. The problem how to work out real green landscape has been the problem that people more and more noticed. The selection of materials in the construction process of landscape design has become into the very important aspect to make green landscape undoubtedly. Keywords: Harmony, Environmental protection, Energy savingThe technical advancement of modern science and the rapid development of social productivity have quickened up the course of human civilization. At the same time, the human society is facing a series of serious challenges of important environmental and developmental problems. The leap of population, the excess consumption of energy, the variance of climate, the environmental pollution, the destroyed zoology and other problems have threatened human existence and development. Before serious reality, people have to rescan and rejudge the present urban development view and value system that we trust. Many insight men have gradually cognized that the human is one part of the natural system and is closely linked with the environment supported by the natural system. In the process of the urban development and the construction, we must first consider the problem of ecological environment, and put it on the same important status with economy and society, at the same time, we must further survey the reasonable utilization problem of limited resource, respect the natural rule, follow the nature, realize the existence philosophy of harmony and intergrowth and the human value view.In recent 20 years, the course of urban construction and urbanization are in the ascendant in China, and with the development of urbanization, the construction of urban park is unparalleled whether on speed or on amount. The landscape design of park which had not been noticed at past has been emphasized now. From traditional park to urban virescence and to the landscape of urban and village integration, the park layout design concept is being gradually deepened and perfected, and the domain is developing, and more and more products occur. The landscape design of China has gradually formed its own system in the continual development process. There are bad aspects and good aspects in the whole...