With the exploration and development of unconventional oil and gas resources, downhole environmental monitoring and data-analysis technologies are becoming more and more important. Distributed fiber optic measurement technology, as a new monitoring technology to obtain accurate data, has a wide range of applications in hydraulic fracturing and production monitoring. It mainly includes: distributed fiber optic temperature sensors (DTSs) to monitor gas lift, identify in-flow fluid types, interpret flow profiles and monitor production enhancement operations; distributed fiber optic acoustic sensors (DASs) to monitor low frequency strain and microseismic and hydraulic fracturing operations; and distributed fiber optic stress sensors (DSSs) to characterize fractures in the near-well area, which have been well applied in the field. This paper describes the current application status of DASs and DSSs in hydraulic fracturing and production monitoring, respectively, from the principle of distributed fiber optic measurement technology. It also points out the limitations of these measurement technologies and the direction of future development. Distributed fiber optic measurement technology has been making technical breakthroughs in recent years, providing strong technical support for the development of unconventional oil and gas resources.
Some questions exist in the development of Chinese engineering interdisciplinary postgraduate education, such as little attention to the guidelines on engineering education, lack of practice-oriented engineering training, loose cooperation between school and enterprise, little attention to the cultivation of students' innovation ability. Engineering with a Big E emphasizes integration of knowledge and practice, creativeness and system on engineering, which provides an important basis for exploring engineering interdisciplinary graduate education in our country. The discussion on engineering interdisciplinary graduate education is based on the idea of Engineering with a Big E, which is aimed at making engineering interdisciplinary postgraduate students face complex engineering environment based on the theoretical study and become a creative person in the work of engineering practice with high ability and quality. As a high-level engineering and technological person, the engineering interdisciplinary postgraduate students are required to play a greater role in the progress of society.
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