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Foaming of aluminum melts containing titanium hydride powder is processed under increased pressure. The real-time foam expansion height of aluminum melts is recorded and the cell structure of foam specimens is characterized. It is found that the loss of foaming gas to ambient environment during foaming process is reduced when foaming under increased pressure. Bubble coalescence is slowed down when pressure increases, leading to a significant decrease in mean cell size and its distribution range. The mean cell wall thickness also significantly reduces when foaming at increased pressure, which changes the correlation between mean cell size and foam density.

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There is an intense desire for the substitution of the consumable carbon anode by inert anode (also called non-consumable or oxygen-evolving anode) in the Hall-Héroult process, which would drastically reduce the substantial emission of greenhouse gases such as CO 2 and perfluorocarbons. 1−3 The upgrading of suitable non-carbon anode is highly challenged on account of the numerous restrictive requirements for inert anode materials in the rugged environment of Al electrolytic cell. 2 The basic requirements for an inert anode are as follows: prominent oxidation resistance at high temperature, remarkable corrosion resistance to electrolyte molten salt, high electric conductivity, excellent thermal shock resistance, mechanical robustness, and so on. Up to now, despite major research efforts from Al producers and academic laboratories, no acceptable inert anode material has yet been found for long-term use in industrial Al electrolytic cell.Among the possible inert anode materials (namely, metal, ceramic, and cermet) that have been explored, NiFe 2 O 4based cermet is ranked as the most appropriate candidate, largely owing to the accredited combination of the features of NiFe 2 O 4 ceramics and metals, namely, excellent oxidation resistance at high temperature and high corrosion resistance

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