These findings confirm the occurrence of outer hair cell loss after gentamicin treatment, and the attenuation of such loss following simultaneous melatonin injection, using the method of morphological evaluation. These results suggest that melatonin protects against gentamicin ototoxicity by interfering with cytotoxic mechanisms.
The present experiment was designed to test the subacute bloodstream blockade effect of supercontraction of spider silk on the femoral artery of rats. Observation on ligated femoral artery lasted 10 days. Blood flow, systolic/diastolic blood pressure, and oxidatively modified proteins in serum were measured before and after ligation. Meanwhile, histological manifestations of femoral artery at different times were observed by HE stain. We found that blood flow and systolic/diastolic blood pressure of femoral artery showed a descending tendency. Biochemical assay showed that oxidatively modified proteins significantly increased in the first 3 days and reached peak on the third day. Histological examination demonstrated that there was a progressive procedure from partial to complete occlusion of lumen of blood vessel and there was possibility of recanalization at last in the occlusive vessel. Our study indicated that ligation by spider silk might be applied to models of subacute ischemic disease such as subacute femoral artery ischemia, subacute or chronic ischemic cardiocerebrovascular disease, etc.
ABSTRACT. We investigated type II deiodinase (DIO 2 ) polymorphisms and serum thyroid hormone levels in subjects with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) in a Uygur population. We studied the DIO 2 Thr92Ala (rs225014) and ORFa-Gly3Asp (rs12885300) polymorphisms of 129 unrelated MCI cases and 131 matched controls. All subjects were genotyped using SNaPshot SNP genotyping assays. Serum thyroid hormone levels were measured by radioimmunoassay. Levels of serum triiodothyronine and thyroxine in the MCI group were significantly lower than those in the control group. Genotype and allele frequencies in the DIO 2 gene between the MCI and control groups were not significantly different. There was no association in genotype and allele frequencies of Thr92Ala between genders in both groups. ORFa-Gly3Asp genotype and allele frequencies were significantly different in patients and controls by gender. The Asp allele was less frequent among male MCI patients compared to controls (odds ratio = 0.471, 95% confidence interval = 0.261-0.848). However, female Asp carriers were more frequent among MCI patients than among controls (odds ratio = 2.842, 95% confidence interval = 1.326-6.09). Serum levels of triiodothyronine and thyroxine 5408 M. Luo et al. ©FUNPEC-RP www.funpecrp.com.br Genetics and Molecular Research 14 (2): 5407-5416 (2015) were lower in individuals of the Ala/Ala genotype than in those with the Thr/Thr or Thr/Ala genotype. Serum levels of triiodothyronine were lower in male Gly/Gly carriers than in Gly/Asp or Asp/Asp carriers. Decreased serum levels of triiodothyronine and thyroxine may influence the incidence of MCI in the Uygur population. DIO 2 gene polymorphisms may play a role in the incidence of MCI in male patients.
The general myocardial infarction model was made by ligating the left anterior descending coronary artery through traditional large opening thoracotomy, although there were many drawbacks such as severe injuries and pain in this method. The present study tried to find a new method to establish a minimally invasive canine model of myocardial infarction that was less injurious and more accurate. Twelve mongrel dogs were used in this study. After three 10-mm-long incisions were made on the left thoracic wall, pericardium was cut, left anterior descending coronary artery was found and titanium nips were clamped through video-assisted thoracoscopy. Two or three titanium nips were used until ECG showed a definite ST-segment elevation more than 0.1 mV, then the thoracic wall was sutured. The survival time of the dogs was 4 weeks. During this period, a series of thoracoscopy were performed. White blood count, biochemical analysis of oxidatively modified proteins, creatine kinase and cardiac Troponin I were examined at the baseline and in the 1st and 6th hour, and 1st, 4th, 7th, 14th and 28th day after surgery. The dogs were then killed and the ratio of fibrosis area to whole left ventricular area was measured and calculated to assess the extent of fibrosis. The sections from different parts of the heart were stained with Masson trichrome stain to assess degree of fibrosis. In the model group we observed that ST-segment of ECG elevated more than 0.1 mV instantly when titanium nips were clamped and the elevation could last for 28 days after surgery. Significant difference between the model and control group was discerned in white blood count, the levels of oxidatively modified proteins, creatine kinase, cardiac Troponin I and the ratio of fibrosis area to whole left ventricular area. Masson trichrome staining showed a large amount of collagen deposition in the fibrosis area. All these results demonstrated that a new canine model of myocardial infarction could be established with a minimally invasive procedure through video-assisted thoracoscopy. This minimally invasive pharmacological animal model was perhaps a more promising animal model for some newly rising science fields such as the study of Metabonomics.
The objectives of this study were to observe the effects of immunization with mouse mature adipocytes for the prevention of obesity in rats and to investigate their mechanism of action. Mouse mature adipocytes (3T3-L1) were injected as a vaccine into the abdominal cavity of rats. Control rats were injected with fibroblast cell lines (MRC-5 or NIH/3T3) or with 0.9% saline. Rats were fed a high calorie diet and body weight changes were used to evaluate obesity prevention. Immunohistochemical and immunofluorescence assays were used to investigate the mechanism of action. Results showed that obesity in rats can be prevented by immunization with xenogeneic mature mouse adipocytes. Body weight gain was inhibited in rats in the treatment group but not in the control groups and was statistically significant between the groups over the 19-week observation period. The assays demonstrated the presence of autoantibodies in rat adipocytes. It was concluded that vaccines of xenogeneic adipocytes can effectively prevent obesity in rats.
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