Long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) profiles in ovarian cancer (OC) remain largely unknown. In the present study, we screened AB073614 as a new candidate lncRNA which promotes development of OC, in two independent datasets (GSE18521 and GSE38666) from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO). The level of AB073614 was then detected in 75 paired OC tissues and adjacent normal tissues by qRT-PCR. Results showed that AB073614 expression was significantly up-regulated in 85.3% (64/75) cancerous tissues compared with normal counterparts (P < 0.01). Further, the 5-year overall survival (OS) in OC patients with high expression of AB073614 was inferior to that with low expression (17.2 months vs 30.0 months, P = 0.0025). To investigate the functional role of AB073614, AB073614 siRNA was transfected into OC cell lines. Knockdown of AB073614 expression significantly inhibited cell proliferation and invasion, resulted in cell arrest in G1 phase of cell cycle and a dramatic increase of apoptosis, both in HO-8910 and OVCAR3 cells. In vivo experiment also revealed that knockdown AB073614 inhibited OVCAR3 cells proliferation. Finally, western blot assays indicated that lncRNA AB073614 may exert its function by targeting ERK1/2 and AKT-mediated signaling pathway. In conclusion, our study suggests that lncRNA AB073614 acts as a functional oncogene in OC development.
Peritoneal metastasis is a distinct pathologic characteristic of advanced epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC), which is the most deadly disease of the female reproductive tract. The inflammatory environment of the peritoneum in EOC contains abundant macrophages, activated thrombin, and thrombin-associated receptors. However, little is known about the mechanism by which the thrombin-macrophages interaction contributes to tumor invasion and metastasis. We investigated the phenotype and cytokine/chemokine expression of thrombin-treated peripheral blood monocytes (MOs)/macrophages, it was found that the phenotype of MOs was altered toward a TAM-like macrophage CD163(high)IL-10(high)CCL18(high)IL-8(high) after thrombin stimulation. By Matrigel invasion assay, the conditioned medium of thrombin-stimulated MOs accelerated remarkable invasion of ES-2, SKOV3, and HO-8910, which was similar to invasive cell numbers of ascites stimuli (P< 0.05) and higher than MOs medium alone (P < 0.05). IL-8 was proposed as the major chemoattractant mediating EOC invasion based on MOs mRNA and protein expression profiling. It was observed that anti IL-8 monoclonal neutralizing antibody attenuated EOC cell invasion in a concentration-dependent manner. Increased transcriptional activation of NF-kappaB p50/p65 was identified in thrombin-treated MOs. This study provided insight the role of thrombin in the regulation of EOC peritoneal invasion via "educating" MOs.
Interstitial pregnancy is a rare form of ectopic pregnancy, but it results in significant maternal morbidity and mortality. In this paper, describe a case of interstitial pregnancy that was successfully managed by laparoscopic occlusion of the ipsilateral ascending branch of uterine artery and the communication of the ovarian artery. It would help to minimize the active bleeding and allow removing the gestation sac, placental tissue, and repair the interstitial tube. In this case, the operative bleeding was 80 mL only, and the operative time was 70 minutes. The patient shared good postoperative recovery, and serum beta human chorionic gonadotropin decreased to below normal levels within 1 month after the operation. This procedure should be considered as a treatment option for unruptured interstitial pregnancy and may allow for conserving the patient's uterus and fallopian tube and preserving the future fertility.
Prunus davidiana, which is a wild species, can be used as rootstocks for cultivation of fruit trees, breeding germplasm for improving resistance to diseases and insects, pioneer trees for recovering vegetation in arid areas, decoration trees for parks and gardens, and a potential medicinal plant for human health. Despite the valuable characteristics of P. davidiana, the genetic variations of resources of P. davidiana remain unclear. In this study, we used seven natural populations (GE; GH; ST; SF; SJ; SY; NX short for Heshui, Gansu; Huating Gansu; Taibai, Shaanxi; Fuxian, Shaanxi; Jiaocheng, Shanxi; Yangquan, Shanxi; Xiji, Ningxia, respectively) of P. davidiana collected at distribution center in China to generate a fingerprint using 15 SSR markers by multifluorophore fragment analysis to assess transportability of the markers, genetic diversity and genetic structure within and among populations. Our data show that a 92% transportability rate was found from closely related species of P. davidiana based on SSR markers developed, and DNA polymorphisms were also detected among accessions by the selected SSR markers. The SSR markers amplified 137 alleles in total for all accessions with an average value of 9.13 alleles, ranging from the highest value of 15 alleles for UDP96-013 to the lowest value of 3 alleles for CPPCT017. Rare alleles, present at less than or equal to 5% of all accessions by marker, showed the highest value in BPPCT 020. By analyzing all accessions, the majority of the 192 accessions from seven populations were found to cluster together according to the given populations, while the minority from the given populations was distributed within clusters. The SY population appeared to have the most diversity among populations, followed by the NX population according to comprehensive analysis of all indices. The seven populations analyzed by unweighted parsimony and principal coordinate analysis were divided into two groups: ST, SY and SF; NX, GE, SJ and GH. A stark difference was found in the genetic variation—with 16% among populations and 84% within populations. Our results from this study imply that most SSR markers developed from related species can be used for genetic analyses of P. davidiana; some markers have more relevant applications for genetic analyses such as UDP96-013 for diversity evaluation and BPPCT 020 for mining rare alleles in P. davidiana; SY and NX are preferred when considering conservation and agronomic utilization.
Prunus davidiana (Carrie're) Franch is a very important resource for the restoration in dry and arid areas, genetic improvement of peach, and extraction of health-promoting components. To effectively use the resource, we must have a measure of genetic diversity of P. davidiana and its population structure. LD (Linkage disequilibrium) provides information for association mapping underlying the phenotypic variation observed. Selective loci reveal adaptive evolution processes resulting from natural selection. A set of 190 genotypes from seven natural populations(SXTB, SIYQ, SXFX, NXXJ, SIJC, GSHT, GSHS) of P. davidiana collected from the range of P. davidiana in China was fingerprinted with 23 SSR markers, and analyzed with spatial structure, pairwise Fst (differentiation coefficient), PCA (principal coordinate analysis), estimation of groups of populations with STRUCTURE software, selective loci obtained from lnRH tested by standardization distribution and Grubbs. Our results demonstrate that population structure of four groups existed among populations through complementary analyses of the above mentioned methods; significant LD numbers from 22 to 129 between loci within unstructured populations were detected; there were five selective loci in all populations and two common selective loci for local natural selection between populations. We should conserve four populations among seven populations; these selective loci may provide information for disclosing adaption evolution and candidate genes according to selective loci and alleles; LDs inform how to use them for association analysis.
The protein disulfide isomerase (PDI) gene family plays important roles in the maintenance of several cellular functions. Previous studies have showed that protein disulfide isomerase family A member 4 (PDIA4) is aberrantly expressed in several types of cancer, and correlates with prognosis of patients. However, the role of PDIA4 in cervical cancer remains unclear. In the present study, the expression pattern of PDIA4 from both public database and immunohistochemical analysis in cervical samples was analyzed. Cell Counting Kit-8 and Transwell assays were performed to determine the effect of PDIA4 on cervical cancer cell proliferation and migration. Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) was used to provide the associated enriched pathways of PDIA4 in regulating cervical tumorigenesis. It was observed that mRNA expression and protein level of PDIA4 were upregulated in cervical cancer tissues. High expression of PDIA4 was significantly associated with poor overall survival (P= 0.0095) and relapse-free survival (P= 0.0019) in The Cancer Genome Atlas cohort. Knockdown of PDIA4 inhibited cervical cancer cell proliferation and migration. Moreover, PDIA4 affected the expression of proliferation-related molecules (cyclin D1 and PCNA) and migration-related molecules (E-cadherin and Vimentin). Additionally, GSEA revealed that PDIA4 was significantly associated with gene signatures involving glycan biosynthesis, glycosaminoglycan degradation and protein export. In conclusion, the present findings highlighted the importance of PDIA4 in cervical oncogenesis, and suggested that targeting PDIA4 may be a potential therapeutic application for cervical cancer.
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