As a high-efficiency and low-investment method of dam construction, blast-fill dams have been widely used in water conservancy, mining engineering, soil and water conservation, disaster prevention and other projects. Through collecting data on the main projects of the blast-fill dams, the characteristics and development trends of blast-fill dams are analyzed in detail. Meanwhile, the design requirements of impervious bodies in the initial and reinforcement stages are systematically reviewed. Subsequently, with measured data of a typical blast-fill dam, the structural characteristics of blast-fill dams after blasting and the validity of the phreatic line height after reinforcement are analyzed using the discrete element method. We conclude that an appropriate construction schedule and flexible impervious material are critical features of the impervious body for a dam with large deformation. When the dam deformation is stable, a secondary treatment should be considered for the impervious body to improve the dam safety. The design ideas for the impervious body of blast-fill dams are also applicable to other dam types with large deformation for risk reduction, such as high rockfill dams, soft-rock dams and tailings dams, and have a certain significance for reference in the treatment of landslides and confined lakes.
The viscous boundary has a direct influence on the accuracy of structural dynamic response analysis, and the absorbing effect of the viscous boundary is controlled by the adjustment coefficient. Therefore, a calibration model of the viscous boundary’s adjustment coefficient based on the water cycle algorithm is established for the particle discrete element to improve the accuracy of dynamic response analysis. First, the traditional viscous boundary theory is utilized to realize the viscous boundary’s application method in the particle discrete element via programming. This avoids the reflection and superposition of seismic waves at the boundary and makes the structural dynamic response with the particle discrete element more real and accurate. Second, for the complex and time-consuming adjustment coefficients determination, a calibration model based on the water cycle algorithm and Latin hypercube sampling is established for the adjustment coefficients in the particle discrete element method. Finally, this calibration model is employed for the seismic response analysis of a rockfill slope, the maximum velocity of rock in this rockfill slope being about 1.30 times that of a seismic wave. Comparing the rockfill slope response with fixed and viscous boundaries, the calibration’s accuracy and the viscous boundary’s feasibility are demonstrated, further expanding the research and application of the particle discrete element method in dynamic response analysis.
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