Background Ameloblastic carcinoma (AC) is an odontogenic malignant tumor which is closely related to benign ameloblastoma. Because of its rarity, diagnosis and treatment are difficult. In this study, we summarized and analyzed the clinical and biological characteristics of AC. Results Fifteen patients with AC and a median age of 53 years were identified. Among of them, five patients who were tested carried a BRAF-V600E mutation. Two patients presented with cervical lymph nodes and lung metastases. Primary AC was more invasive, and the bone destruction ability of the primary type was more radical than that of the secondary type. Conclusions This study revealed that the BRAF-V600E mutation was related to the aggressive behavior of AC, and early radical resection is crucial. Moreover, targeted therapy may be a new direction in the future.

BackgroundPiwi-interacting RNAs (piRNAs) are thought to silence transposable genetic elements. However, the functional roles of piRNAs in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) remain unelucidated. In the present study, we aimed to investigate the role of Piwi-interacting RNA 1037 (piR-1037) in chemoresistance to cisplatin (CDDP)-based chemotherapy and the oncogenic role of piR-1037 in OSCC cells.MethodsRT-PCR was used to evaluate the levels of piR-1037 and X-linked Inhibitor of apoptosis protein (XIAP) mRNA in OSCC cell lines or tumor xenografts. Transfection of piR-1037 DNA antisense and piR-1037 RNA oligonucleotides was performed to suppress and overexpress piR-1037 in OSCC cells, respectively. A CCK8 assay was used to measure the viability or proliferation of OSCC cells. Apoptosis in OSCC cells and xenografts was determined using a TUNEL assay kit. The activity of caspase-3, caspase-8 and caspase-1 in OSCC cells was measured with colorimetric caspase assay kits. Western blot analysis was conducted to analyze XIAP expression in OSCC cells and xenograft samples. Immunoprecipitation (IP) and RNA pull-down assays were utilized to analyze the piR-1037 - XIAP interaction. Transwell assays were performed to evaluate migration and invasion of OSCC cells.ResultsCDDP treatment upregulated piR-1037 expression in OSCC cells and OSCC xenografts. Suppression of the CDDP-induced upregulation of piR-1037 expression enhanced the sensitivity of OSCC cells to CDDP. piR-1037 promoted protein expression and directly bound XIAP, a key apoptotic inhibitor that is implicated in chemoresistance. The relationship between piR-1037 and XIAP suggested that piR-1037 enhanced OSCC cell chemoresistance to CDDP at least partially through XIAP. Moreover, targeting the basal expression of piR-1037 inhibited cell motility by affecting epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT).ConclusionpiR-1037 enhances the chemoresistance and motility of OSCC cells. piR-1037 promotes chemoresistance by interacting with XIAP and regulates the motility of OSCC cells by driving EMT.

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In this study, a bivariable coupling model for river channel routing is presented. The proposed model is developed from the Priessmann 4-point implicit differential scheme with a weight coefficient of river flow continuity equation. It is based on the transformation of two different expression forms of river channel storage equation. Furthermore, we consider the impact of lateral inflow along the study river channel from another perspective. In this paper we deduct lateral inflow from the lower section instead of adding lateral inflow to the upper section. In order to be representative of geographical range, river channel characteristics, flood magnitude, hydraulic characteristics and time, the proposed model is tested in 38 river channels of 6 river systems in China by using observed data during flood season. The rationality of model structure and the validity of model simulation are examined comprehensively. Comparison between the proposed model and Muskingum model shows that the proposed model can improve the simulation accuracy. The results show that the simulation accuracy and stability of the bivariable coupling model is much better than that of the Muskingum model.

In the present case report, a rare bilateral carotid body tumor (CBT) and the imaging and pathological features of a CBT are described. In the present report, a rare case of bilateral carotid body tumor, which developed in the bifurcation of the common carotid artery, and the clinical manifestations, imaging and pathological features of this CBT are summarized. The imaging cannot validate the diagnosis; however, imaging identified that the tumor exhibited an intact envelope. Immunohistochemical staining revealed that the tumor cells were strongly positive for cluster of differentiation 56, Syn and protein S-100, moderately positive for transcription factor E3, negative for cytokeratin and epithelial membrane antigen, and partial cells were weakly positive for Desmir (<5%). In view of the clinical and pathological features of the carotid body tumor, surgery is hypothesized to be the optimal treatment and may enable the tumor to be resected completely. Refined surgical techniques provide the security of safe resection and decrease the risk of complications occurring.