Objective: This study was a prospective study on the diagnosis of congenital Hirschsprung's disease (HSCR) using optical coherence microscopy (OCM). Methods: A total of 109 HSCR patients admitted to a Chinese hospital were included and all underwent barium enema angiography preoperatively, and the resected diseased intestinal tubes were evaluated intraoperatively followed by OCM scanning and histopathological examination, and the OCM images were compared with the corresponding tissue sections for analysis. 10 non-HSCR fetal colorectal tissues at the same period were retained for OCM, the characteristics of which with and without HSCR under OCM imaging were analyzed. Results: It showed that the structural features of HSCR tissue could be observed in the OCM images, which is consistent with the corresponding histopathological findings matching. Compared with the pathological findings, the OCM sensitivity, specificity, Kappa value, and AUC area reached 92.66%, 90.00%, 0.627, and 0.913, respectively. Conclusion: OCM, as a non-invasive, high-resolution, real-time rapid imaging technology, has high sensitivity and specificity in congenital megacolon diagnosis, which will provide a more reliable basis for non-invasive diagnosis and pathological classification of patients with congenital megacolon, and has a certain potential for clinical application.
To explore the clinical application value of optical coherence microscopy (OCM) in Hirschsprung’s disease. 109 HSCR patients were recuited in a Chinese hospital from January 2018 to July 2021. All the recruited patients underwent barium enema angiography preoperatively and the resected diseased intestinal tubes were evaluated intraoperatively. The OCM and the histopathological examination were performed successively on the surgical specimens, and the OCM images were compared with the relevant tissue sections to characterize different lesions. 10 non-HSCR fetal colorectal tissues at the same period were retained for OCM, the characteristics of which with and without HSCR under OCM imaging were analyzed. In the OCM images of in vitro tissue, it can be clearly observed that the scattering degree of HSCR narrow segment mucosal is high, glands and crypt structures are reduced or even atrophy, and the scattering degree of submucosal and intermuscular is low; In the dilated segment, the low scattering and high scattering are complex, and the muscle layer is obviously hypertrophy and structural disorder. Compared with the pathological findings, the OCM sensitivity, Kappa value, and AUC area reached 92.66%, 0.63, and 0.91, respectively. OCM can quickly and clearly display the structure of all layers of colorectal tissue, which is highly consistent with the corresponding histopathological examination results and has high sensitivity. which will provide a more reliable basis for OCM diagnosis of early HSCR, targeted biopsy and location of operative treatment, and has a certain potential for clinical application.
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