Most diseases of the reproductive system in adults originate in childhood. Athletes and ballerinas from childhood are prone to the development of menstrual irregularities. At a tender childhood age, in which physiological changes are carried out, there is also the beginning of excess loads that affect the work of the hypothalamic-pituitary system. Menstruation is a sensitive indicator of general and reproductive health; analysis of the state of reproductive potential allows obstetricians-gynecologists and pediatricians to predict the demographic situation in the country, the health status of expectant mothers. The reproductive system is a hormone-dependent and exercise-sensitive system, and, as studies show, a single physical activity releases a large amount of hormones, and regular exercise leads to endocrine homeostasis disturbances. In addition, energy deficiency caused by a combination of exercise and dietary restrictions, even for three menstrual cycles, leads to menstrual dysfunction, the severity of which depends on the level of exercise and energy deficiency. With excessive physical exertion and calorie restriction, there is a violation of estrogen synthesis in adipose tissue, which entails a decrease in bone mineral density. Menstrual dysfunctions, osteoporosis and eating disorders are the «female athletic triad», which has an extremely negative impact on the female body. Studies of the «athletic triad» in girl ballerinas and athletes require further study in order to develop effective methods for predicting and preventing pathological conditions.
Despite the fact that modern society is relatively well informed about the problem of childhood obesity, as well as a lot of work is being done by WHO to eliminate it, leading experts in the field of endocrinology believe that not always due importance is attached to the identification of risk factors, often the diagnosis of "Obesity" is not made in a timely manner and, accordingly, measures are not taken to prevent the development and progression of obesity in children. Modern parents do not consider the excess body weight of the child a pathology. Up to 70% of obese children are monitored only after 6-10 years from the appearance of the first signs of the disease. And on the part of specialists, additional research methods in obese children, which include the assessment of the hormonal profile, are recommended by leading experts only if secondary obesity is suspected. In this approach, it is overlooked that excess body weight and an increase in adipocytes in volume contributes to the production of a giant amount of leptin, which provokes a condition such as leptin resistance. This pathological condition is the leading cause of exogenous constitutional obesity in children today. For these reasons, leptin resistance in children all over the world is not diagnosed in a timely manner and therapy has been carried out unsuccessfully for years without affecting the etiology of the disease. The diagnostic method developed by us, taking into account the clinical signs of the disease, combining at least 5 clinical signs of exogenous constitutional obesity and an increase in the compliance index, allows us to establish leptin resistance without determining the level of leptin.
The epidemiological situation in the country in recent years has led to an increase in the prevalence of childhood obesity, which was facilitated by quarantine measures, school closures and, as a result, restriction of children's access to healthy school meals, reduced control, and inactivity. And the Union of Pediatricians of Russia confirms the factors proven by world medical practice about the relationship between overweight and covid-19: adipose tissue contributes to better penetration of the coronavirus and increases the duration of virus persistence by 42%; obese people are more likely to have other chronic diseases, which, in turn, increase the risk of severe COVID-19. Therefore, the purpose of our work was to assess the mutual influence of COVID-19 and obesity in children, to optimize the “pron-position” method for patients with COVID-19 and overweight. We conducted preventive examinations of 366 students of the Lyceum of Philosophy and Planetary Humanism before and after quarantine measures and analyzed the medical histories of 54 children diagnosed with a New Coronavirus infection who were hospitalized in the infectious department of the Samara Regional Children's Infectious Hospital. As a result of our research, we observe a tendency for the growth of overweight children and a decrease in the level of health in the children's population of the Samara region, which directly indicates the need to introduce new preventive measures for children of the Samara region that can popularize a healthy lifestyle among students. And the product we developed made it possible to improve well-being and enhance the effectiveness of therapy in patients diagnosed with COVID-19, including overweight patients.
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