Attapulgite (denoted as APT, also called palygorskite) has been regarded as the green material in the "21st century world" and has attracted widespread attention due to its advantages of low cost, natural abundance, nontoxic nature, and environmental friendliness. However, the limited adsorption sites and surface charges of natural APT greatly hinder its application as an adsorbent in industrial fields. In this work, natural APT was modified with sodium humate (SA) via a facile one-step hydrothermal process to improve its adsorption capacity and systematically studied its ability to remove methylene blue (MB) from aqueous solutions. The effect of hydrothermal modification in the presence of SA on the microscopic structure, morphology, and physicochemical properties of APT was studied by field-emission scanning electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectrometry, X-ray diffraction, and Brunauer−Emmett−Teller analyses. The adsorption properties of the modified APT toward MB were evaluated systematically. The results demonstrated that the modified APT has a high adsorption capacity of 227.27 mg/g and also shows a high removal rate up to 99.7% toward MB in a dye solution with an initial concentration of 150 mg/L, which was a 64.7% increase as compared to that of raw APT. The adsorption kinetics could be fitted to the pseudo-second-order model, while the adsorption isotherm could be welldescribed with the Langmuir model. It was concluded that electrostatic attraction, hydrogen-bonding interaction, and chemical association are the main driving force during the adsorption process.
To detect the plant hormone ethylene, three arylolefins were employed to react with ethylene based on olefin metathesis. In this study, three fluorescence probes were successfully prepared using a first-generation Grubbs catalyst (G-1) and arylolefin with terminal vinyl groups. The probes were characterized using various techniques, including UV−vis, fluorescence, FT-IR, 1 H NMR, 13 C NMR, and 31 P NMR spectroscopies and HRMS. The probes exhibited an emission maximum at 394 nm and showed excellent ethylene response. The detection limits for the probes were calculated to be 0.128, 0.074, and 0.188 μL/mL (3σ), respectively, based on fluorescence stimulation by ethylene gas. Additionally, the YGTZ-2 probe was used to detect ethylene gas during the storage process of tomatoes. This work expands the application of arylolefin in ethylene detection and provides a foundation for the development of economic, rapid, and convenient photosensitive sensors for ethylene in the future.
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