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Background & Aims: Parkinson's disease is the second most commonly diagnosed neurological disease after Alzheimer's disease. Paraoxonase 1 enzyme is an antioxidant enzyme with two paraoxonase and aryl esterase activity, and the change in activity and concentration of this enzyme can contribute to Parkinson's disease. The N-acetyltransferase enzyme plays an important role in the detoxification of organophosphates, in which the N-acetyltransferase 2 enzyme plays an important role. The aim of this study was to evaluate the paraoxonase activity ratio to aryl esterase activity of paraoxonase enzyme and the frequency of N-acetyltransferase 2 enzyme polymorphisms in patients with Parkinson's disease. Materials & Methods:In this case-control study, 80 cases (40 patients with Parkinson's disease and 40 control subjects) were studied. N-acetyltransferase-2 polymorphisms by the PCR-RFLP method were investigated using the relevant bound restriction enzymes. The serum level of paraoxonase 1 was determined by ELISA and enzyme activity of paraoxonase 1 was measured with spectrophotometric. Results:The ratio of paraoxonase to Aryl esterase did not show any significant difference between the two groups (p >0.05). Significant differences were observed in the frequency of m1 polymorphism genotypes between control and patient groups (p <0.05). However, the prevalence of polymorphism genotypes m1 and m2 between the two groups did not show a significant difference (p> 0.05). Conclusion:The results of this study showed that three N-acetyltransferase 2 polymorphisms, m1 polymorphism, as well as a decrease in serum levels and paraoxonase 1 activity, may contribute to the pathogenesis and etiology of Parkinson's disease.

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