Obstructive Sleep Apnoea (OSA) is a chronic respiratory condition leading to intermittent hypoxia and disturbances of sleep structure, resulting in partial or complete obstruction of the upper airways. 1,2 Epidemiological surveys show that approximately 3%-9% of women and 10%-17% of men have OSA in the United States, 3 and around 4.1% people who aged 14 or over have OSA in Guangxi province, China. 4 OSA is an important predisposing risk factor for primary hypertension, atherosclerosis, myocardial infarction, cerebral infarction and stroke. It also significantly affects the quality of life due to its
The Cu-Cr immiscible alloys were prepared by arc melting. The effects of Cr addition and electromagnetic stirring on the phase separation, microstructure were examined. The results show that serious phase segregation occurs at the center of the sample with increasing Cr contents, forming a sandwich like structure. The shape of the primary Cr transforms from fine dendrite to more developed dendrite. Thermodynamic analysis indicates that Cr addition increases the driving force for the liquid phase separation. The electromagnetic stirring can facilitate the relative motion between the Cr droplets and the melts, and thus intensify the segregation phenomenon. With Cr additions, the hardness in non-segregated area shows only slight increase, and in Cr segregated area shows a significant increase. While the electrical conductivity shows only slight decrease with increasing Cr content.
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