A finite element model of a UHV converter transformer was established to study how the seismic response of bushings and the amplification effect of the transformer tank on its bushing, one AC bushing, and two DC bushings. The frequency of DC bushings was smaller than that of the AC bushing, with the first four frequencies being all the modes of DC bushings. The results of stress and displacement response showed that the AC bushing was more affected by horizontal seismic action, while the two DC bushings were more sensitive to Z-direction seismic excitation. Besides, the stress amplification factor was used to evaluate the seismic amplification effect of the transformer tank on bushings.
In this study, a 5vol. % (TiBw+TiCp)/Ti composite pancake with a diameter of 260mm was prepared by casting followed by open die forging in (α+β) phase region. The microstructures of the composite pancake are inhomogeneous, in terms of both matrix microstructure and distribution of reinforcements. The matrix microstructures were gradually refined from the periphery to centre of the pancake. The TiBw and TiCp reinforcements tend to be uniformly distributed in the centre region and. It is suggested that the microstructure difference can be mainly ascribed to the temperature variation from the periphery to the centre. Additionally, tensile testing results showed that the centre region of the composite pancake exhibits higher strength than the peripheral region. The strengthening mechanism and the softening behavior of the composite pancake with temperature is discussed.
Earthquakes occur frequently in China. Earthquake damage data show that transformer equipment, as the core of substations (converter stations), has a high vulnerability under the seismic effect. Based on the structural features of transformer equipment, this paper discusses the current status of earthquake damage investigation and research in China and other countries, summarizes the earthquake damage modes and reasons for transformer equipment, introduces the progress of seismic research for transformer equipment in China and other countries, analyzes the role of existing technology in promoting the development of seismic technology for transformer equipment, and provides an outlook for the further research.
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