Currently, the commonly developed organic luminescent materials (OLMs) usually exhibit poor luminescent performance in aggregated solid states compared with their well-dissolved solution states, making it a tough goal to achieve the highly emissive dual-state emission. To overcome this limitation, a "self-isolated enhanced emission" (SIEE) strategy through flexible alkyl chains to suppress the emission-quenched π-π stacking in solids is proposed here and, based on this guideline, remarkable emission efficiency with photoluminescence quantum yields up to 99.72 % in solution and 77.46 % in the solid state are achieved for the SIEE constructed DBBT-C8, which is then successfully used in solid-state displays and data encryption.

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Isomeric TF1 and TF2 with highly fused thiophene cores were designed and synthesized here, in which a highly planar molecular structure was obtained for TF1 with the face-to-face sulfur atoms in the lateral region and a twisted molecular backbone was observed for TF2 with the back-to-back sulfur atoms. It is worth noting that different intermolecular interactions dominated in TF1 and TF2 caused by their isomeric thiophene cores, in which strong π-π stacking was achieved for TF1, whereas sulphur-involved nonbonding intermolecular interactions dominated in TF2, leading to the different fluorescence behaviors and also the altered liquid crystalline phases. Finally, typical P-type charge transport behaviors were achieved in both TF1- and TF2-based solution-processed OFETs. Also owing to the much ordered molecular packing in TF1, a higher charge carrier mobility of 3.7 × 10-3 cm2 V-1 s-1 was achieved for TF1-based OFETs compared to TF2-based OFETs.

Hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) has emerged as a promising way to improve the fuel quality of low-grade energy resource such as sewage sludge (SS) with substantial merits. Thus, it is important to establish the correlations between HTC treatment and subsequent pyrolysis/gasification of SS-derived hydrochars prepared at various HTC temperatures and HTC durations. The results showed that HTC treatment upgraded the fuel quality of SS and led to the evolution of aromatic structures. Such upgrading made SS-derived hydrochars toward the region of lignite in the Van Krevelen diagram. Thermogravimetric analysis indicated that both pyrolysis and gasification reactivity had a generally negative correlation with HTC temperature. Regarding the role of HTC duration, the opposite trend was observed between pyrolysis and gasification reactivities. In general, not only the fuel properties but also the pyrolysis and gasification reactivity were dependent on HTC temperature more significantly than on HTC duration. These findings can provide an insight into thermochemical utilization of SS-derived hydrochars.