It was highly controversial whether fermented dairy foods protect against colorectal cancer (CRC) because of conflicting results from current human epidemiologic studies; we therefore conducted this meta-analysis based on the case–control and cohort studies to estimate the holistic analyses. Finally, a total of seven case–control studies and ten cohort studies comprising a total of >20,000 cases were incorporated in the quantitative synthesis. Specifically, statistical evidence of significantly decreasing CRC risk in case–control studies was found to be associated with cheese intake (OR = 0.89, 95% CI = 0.82–0.97). In a subgroup analysis, cheese intake was correlated with lower colon cancer (OR = 0.89, 95% CI = 0.79–1.00) and rectal cancer (OR = 0.86, 95% CI = 0.74–1.00) risk in case–control studies. Furthermore, we also found that the higher intake of yogurt may lower the risk of rectal cancer (OR = 0.75, 95% CI = 0.65–0.88) in cohort studies. The consumption of fermented dairy foods may be relevant to decrease CRC risk in this meta-analysis.Systematic Review Registrationhttps://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?ID=CRD42021269798, CRD42021269798.
IntroductionA biliary anomaly is occasionally encountered, however, a double cystic duct is exceedingly rare during surgery. It is pivotal for surgeons to recognize the anatomic variations in Cholangiography which is performed under fluoroscopic guidance Intraoperatively to prevent possible complications.Case PresentationHerein, the case of a 66-year-old female patient with acute cholecystitis, in which preoperative Magnetic Resonance Cholangiopancreatograph (MRCP) did not identify a single gallbladder with double cystic ducts, is presented. Intraoperatively we identified a double cystic duct and it was safely ligated with clips. Anatomic variability was also confirmed by Cholangiography which was performed under fluoroscopic guidance. Furthermore, the patient was symptom-free through 1 year of follow-up assessment.ConclusionsIn particular, when we do not identify anatomic variability based on imaging, cholangiography under fluoroscopic guidance during surgery was a powerful tool that may clearly show the anomaly of a single gallbladder with double cystic ducts.
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