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Smarandache initiated neutrosophic sets (NSs) which can be used as a mathematical tool for dealing with indeterminate and inconsistent information. In order to apply NSs conveniently, single valued neutrosophic sets (SVNSs) were proposed by Wang et al. In this paper, we propose single valued neutrosophic relations (SVNRs) and study their properties. The notions of anti-reflexive kernel, symmetric kernel, reflexive closure, and symmetric closure of a SVNR are introduced, respectively. Their accurate calculate formulas and some properties are explored. Finally, single valued neutrosophic relation mappings and inverse single valued neutrosophic relation mappings are introduced, and some interesting properties are also obtained.

a b s t r a c tIn this paper, the notions of anti-reflexive kernel, symmetric kernel, reflexive closure, and symmetric closure of a soft set relation are first introduced, respectively. Then, their accurate calculation formulae and some properties are obtained. Finally, soft set relation mappings and inverse soft set relation mappings are proposed, and some related properties are discussed.

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Abstract:In this paper, we extend the rough set model on two different universes in intuitionistic fuzzy approximation spaces to a single-valued neutrosophic environment. Firstly, based on the (α, β, γ)-cut relation R {(α,β,γ)} , we propose a rough set model in generalized single-valued neutrosophic approximation spaces. Then, some properties of the new rough set model are discussed. Furthermore, we obtain two extended models of the new rough set model-the degree rough set model and the variable precision rough set model-and study some of their properties. Finally, we explore an example to illustrate the validity of the new rough set model.

Abstract. Neutrosophic set (NS) was originally proposed by Smarandache to handle indeterminate and inconsistent information. It is a generalization of fuzzy sets and intuitionistic fuzzy sets. Wang and Smarandache proposed interval neutrosophic sets (INS) which is a special case of NSs and would be extensively applied to resolve practical issues. In this paper, we put forward generalized interval neutrosophic rough sets based on interval neutrosophic relations by combining interval neutrosophic sets with rough sets. We explore the hybrid model through constructive approach as well as axiomatic approach. On one hand, we define generalized interval neutrosophic lower and upper approximation operators through constructive approach. Moreover, we investigate the relevance between generalized interval neutrosophic lower (upper) approximation operators and particular interval neutrosophic relations. On the other hand, we study axiomatic characterizations of generalized interval neutrosophic approximation operators, and also show that different axiom sets of theoretical interval neutrosophic operators make sure the existence of different classes of INRs that yield the same interval neutrosophic approximation operators. Finally, we introduce generalized interval neutrosophic rough sets on two universes and a universal algorithm of multi-attribute decision making based on generalized interval neutrosophic rough sets on two universes. Besides, an example is given to demonstrate the validity of the new rough set model.

We study multigranulation decision-theoretic rough sets in incomplete information systems. Based on Bayesian decision procedure, we propose the notions of weighted mean multigranulation decision-theoretic rough sets, optimistic multigranulation decision-theoretic rough sets, and pessimistic multigranulation decision-theoretic rough sets in an incomplete information system. We investigate the relationships between the proposed multigranulation decision-theoretic rough set models and other related rough set models. We also study some basic properties of these models. We give an example to illustrate the application of the proposed models.

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