The 3 x 3 matrix elements included for the evaluation of dual fluorescence are based on a predictive model described as a 'seesaw balanced' photophysical model.
Two highly water soluble monoboronic acid probes that display the more desirable OFF-ON fluorescence response were synthesized based on 4-Sulfo-1,8-naphthalic anhydride and a remarkable sensitivity for glucose rather than fructose and galactose was also observed.
A 3 x 3 matrix of disubstituted N-aryl-1,8-naphthalimides was synthesized for the evaluation and discovery of dual fluorescence (DF). The matrix elements included for this study were based on a predictive model that is proposed as a seesaw balanced photophysical model. This model serves as a guide to optimize the dual fluorescence emission from N-phenyl-1,8-naphthalimides by appropriate placement of substituent groups at both the 4-position of the N-arene as well as the 4'-position of the naphthalene ring. Steady-state fluorescence studies under a variety of solvents indicate that four of the nine dyes in the matrix are dual fluorescent. To provide a more quantitative description of the model, cyclic voltammetry experiments were used to calculate HOMO/LUMO energies of the aromatic components that comprise these DF dyes and give evidence in support for potential mixing of S1 and S2 excited states. Given the difficulties in predicting excited state properties such as molecular fluorescence, this ratio of four out of nine "hits" for discovering DF signifies proof of principle for this proposed model and should provide a rational basis for the synthesis of future DF 1,8-naphthalimide systems.
The first continuous meso-flow synthesis of natural and non-natural 5′-nucleotides and deoxynucleotides is described, representing a significant advance over the corresponding in-flask method. By means of this mesoflow technique, a synthesis with time consumption and high-energy consumption becomes facile to generate products with great efficiency. An abbreviated duration, satisfactory output, and mild reaction conditions are expected to be realized under the present procedure.
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