With the development of China’s construction industry, the development of prefabricated buildings has become a national strategy to promote the transformation and upgrading of the construction industry. However, the promotion of prefabricated buildings still faces many obstacles. One of the reasons is the uncertainty of cost. Although existing research has some quantitative research on its economics, few scholars have conducted systematic research. This paper discusses this issue from the perspective of the whole life of the building. Through the literature review method, the whole life cycle of the prefabricated building is divided into seven stages, which lays a foundation for studying the variation factors of the prefabricated building cost.
Big data and machine learning are poised to revolutionize the field of artificial intelligence and represent a step towards building an intelligent society. Big data is considered to be the key to unlocking the next great waves of growth in productivity, the value of data is realized through machine learning. In this survey, we begin with an introduction to the general field of data pricing and distributed machine learning then progress to the main streams of data pricing and mechanism design methods. Our survey will cover several current areas of research within the field of data pricing, including the incentive mechanism design for federated learning, reinforcement learning, auction, crowdsourcing, and blockchain, especially, focus on reward function for machine learning and payment scheme. In parallel, we highlight the pricing scheme in data transactions, focusing on data evaluation via distributed machine learning. To conclude, we discuss some research challenges and future directions of data pricing for machine learning.
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