Background: Many psychological and obstetrical factors contribute to the development of postpartum depression. However, little is known about how postpartum hemorrhage (PPH) influences postpartum depressive symptoms. This study explored the relationship between PPH and postpartum depressive symptoms in the Chinese population.
Few studies have analyzed the implementation of dietary management in Chinese adults with diabetes. Thus, we assessed and compared dietary intake and diet quality between diabetic patients with and without dietary management behaviors (DPDM vs. NDPDM), and evaluated the adherence to dietary guidelines in both groups of patients. The data were obtained from the 2002, 2010–2013, and 2015 China National Nutrition Survey. A total of 69,583, 67,177, and 96,631 subjects participated in the 2002, 2010–2013, and 2015 survey rounds, respectively. The dietary intake data were measured using 3-day 24 h dietary recalls and weighed records of household condiments. The China Healthy Diet Index (CHDI) was used to evaluate diet quality. The study included 6229 patients with diabetes, of which 78% had dietary management behaviors. The diabetic patients with dietary management behaviors showed higher percentages of energy from high-quality carbohydrates, animal protein, saturated fatty acids, and unsaturated fatty acids and lower percentages from low-quality carbohydrates and plant protein than NDPDM. The diabetic patients with dietary management behaviors also had lower intakes of cereals and tubers and higher intakes of vegetables than NDPDM. The total CHDI score of DPDM was higher than NDPDM (56.3 ± 12.7 vs. 54.1 ± 12.3). The proportion of DPDM meeting the recommended intake for different food items ranged from 3.3% to 42.8% and from 3.0% to 39.2% in NDPDM. The diabetic patients with dietary management behaviors showed better adherence to dietary guidelines and higher diet quality scores than NDPDM, while the overall adherence was poor in both groups of patients. Our findings suggested that measures are needed to promote and refine dietary management behaviors, which can help to improve disease management in diabetic patients.
Weight control through dietary management is becoming increasingly common worldwide. This study aimed to evaluate and compare the dietary intake and diet quality between Chinese adults with and without weight-control behaviors. Data were collected from the China National Nutrition Survey 2002, 2012, and 2015. Dietary intake was assessed using a combination of 24 h dietary recall of three consecutive days and a weighing method. Diet quality was calculated based on China healthy diet index (CHDI). A total of 167,355 subjects were included, of which 11,906 (8.0%) adults reported attempting to control weight within the past 12 months. Participants with weight control had lower daily total energy intake, as well as lower percentages of energy from carbohydrates, low-quality carbohydrates, and plant protein, but higher percentages of energy from protein, fat, high-quality carbohydrates, animal protein, saturated fatty acids, and monounsaturated fatty acids than those without weight control. Additionally, the CHDI score in the weight-control group was higher than those without (53.40 vs. 48.79, p < 0.001). Fewer than 40% of participants in both groups met the requirement for all specific food groups. Chinese adults who reported weight-control behaviors had an energy-restricted diet characterized by reduced carbohydrate intake and overall higher diet quality compared with those without dietary-control behaviors. However, both groups had significant room for improvement in meeting dietary recommendations.
Background: Previous studies have shown that postpartum depression negatively affects breastfeeding practices. However, it is not clear whether maternal mood symptoms during pregnancy affect exclusive breastfeeding (EBF) behavior. Our study aimed to quantify the relationship between maternal mood symptoms (depression/anxiety) during pregnancy and EBF.Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted at Baoan Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Shenzhen, China, from January 1, 2016, to December 31, 2016, among women who had delivered in the hospital and completed the 6-week postpartum visit. A structured questionnaire was designed to collect information on maternal mood symptoms during pregnancy and EBF status at 6 weeks postpartum. Logistic regression models were used to evaluate the associations between maternal mood symptoms (depression/anxiety) during pregnancy and EBF at 6 weeks postpartum.Results: In total, 6324 women were included in this study. In univariate analysis, we observed that depression during pregnancy was associated with a reduced risk for EBF (OR = 0.66; 95% CI: 0.54-0.81; P < 0.001). In the fully adjusted model, depression during pregnancy was still significantly associated with a reduced risk of EBF (OR=0.69; 95% CI: 0.56–0.86; P < 0.001). However, there was no significant difference in the rate of EBF between the anxiety and non-anxiety groups of women (OR=0.88; 95% CI: 0.77–1.01; P > 0.05). Conclusion: We believe that our findings confirm the adverse impact of maternal depression during pregnancy on EBF behavior. Therefore, to improve conditions for breastfeeding of infants, additional attention should be paid to women with depressive symptoms during pregnancy.
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