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This paper dealt with the characteristics of Cu(II) adsorption on Chinese Quaternary loess. The Cu(II) adsorption isotherm and kinetics fit the Langmuir model and pseudo-second order kinetics well, respectively, with a predicted adsorption capacity of 109 mg g(-1). The adsorption is ion exchange adsorption due to D-R model. Factors that are positively correlated with the adsorption capacity of loess include equilibrating time, pH, temperature, and solid-solution ratio. The adsorption of Cu(II) on loess involves 2-3 sequential diffusing steps into the micropores, and an endothermic and spontaneous process with predicted enthalpy, entropy, and Gibb's free energy changes of 7.64 kJ mol(-1), 81.21 J mol(-1)K(-1) and -14.94-17.37 kJ mol(-1), respectively. Moreover, the applicability of loess on industrial wastewater treatment was investigated and satisfactorily proved. Finally, FT-IR spectra shows the precipitation of copper carbonate and the complexation of Cu(II) with clay minerals at pH > 5.0 and pH > 2.67, respectively.

BACKGROUND: Pb(II) is common in both waste-waters and gas emissions. In developing countries, public health problems have been reported concerning Pb(II) pollution, so that stringent measures are required to deal with it.