Cemented carbide, as an important industrial material, is well-known as "industrial teeth" due to its high hardness, strength, wear resistance, and other fantastic properties, which plays an important role in the fields of petroleum machinery, mining machinery, and mechanical processing. [1][2][3] However, there is a shortage of tungsten (W) and cobalt (Co) resources, which are main raw materials for cemented carbide. Therefore, recycling waste-cemented carbide to prepare regenerated cemented carbide raw materials is of great significance. In general, the hardness and toughness of cemented carbides are a pair of contradictions that are difficult to balance. Hence, it is particularly important to explore highperformance cemented carbide. 4 At present, several effective methods about toughening and strengthening are applied to improve the performance of regenerated cemented carbides based on characterizes and performances of the matrix and the reinforcing materials. The main toughening mechanisms of cemented carbide are whisker toughening, particle toughening, phase transformation toughening, microcrack toughening and layered structure toughening, etc. [5][6][7]
The effect of ultrasonic vibration on the springback effect and surface property for ultrasonic-assisted incremental sheet forming of aluminum alloy were discussed. A series of experiments were established to explore the ultrasonic vibration on the surface property and springback effect of symmetrical aluminum alloy sheet in order to facilitate analysis of experimental results. It is obtained that the application of ultrasonic vibration can reduce the springback effect. The surface waviness feature aluminum alloy becomes weaker with the continuous increase of ultrasonic amplitude and the surface topography tends to be smoother. In addition, the application of ultrasonic vibration can reduce the surface hardness and promote the surface residual stress distribution to be more uniform. The findings provide an experimental basis for further investigation of the mechanisms of the ultrasonic-assisted incremental sheet forming process.
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