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The Palace Museum in Beijing is a world cultural heritage site. Surviving nearly 600 years, heritage buildings in the Palace Museum have been deteriorated by salting out, exfoliation, cracking and so on. For the purpose of quantitative evaluation on current environment risks and proposing conservation approaches, heat and moisture transfer on buildings was simulated by a numerical model and the West Wind-room in the Hall of Mental Cultivation (Yangxin Dian) in the Palace Museum was taken as example. The results indicated that to reduce freezing-thawing cycles, the indoor temperature should be increased during December to early February. Indoor temperature and humidity should be controlled to a more stable and lower level to decrease the damaging from salt crystallization and hydration. And attention should be paid to more salting-out resulted by evaporation increase in spring and autumn. The results will provide support to environment control of Chinese traditional buildings.

The Eastern Wu tomb in Shangfang Town, Nanjing City is a brick tomb of the Six Dynasties in China, which is very famous for its big scale and complex structure. After being excavated, biodeterioration occurred on the interior wall of the tomb chambers due to the fluctuation of environmental factors, which threatens the cultural value of this architectural heritage. Biodeterioration is highly related to the mild temperature and the high humidity in the tomb chamber and condensation on the wall surface. To reduce biodeterioration in the Eastern Wu tomb, environment monitoring was carried out and the effect of the current protective shed on the Eastern Wu tomb was examined. The hygrothermal transfer model of the protective shed was developed to evaluate the effects of the optimization of the protective shed for reducing the condensation on the wall surface. The results show that condensation on the wall surface of the site was reduced by 53% in a year after the functional space utilizing solar energy was added to the protective shed.

This paper studies the law of capillary water rise in the brick solid wall and the brick cavity wall under the influence of high-humidity wall foundation. It is found that the rising height of the capillary water sharp front is proportional to the time to the 0.5 power, but the coefficient is related to the wall structure, and the speed in cavity wall is higher than that in the solid wall. The heat flow meter method was used to compare the influence of the capillary water to the heat transfer when it rises to different heights. It is found that the presence of capillary water has a direct impact on the heat transfer coefficient of the wall. The presence of capillary water may increase the heating load by 11.1% and the cooling load by 15% of a common historical building in hot summer and cold winter area of China.