Sodium-ion battery
(SIB) as one of the most promising large-scale
energy storage devices has drawn great attention in recent years.
However, the development of SIBs is limited by the lacking of proper
anodes with long cycling lifespans and large reversible capacities.
Here we present rational synthesis of Rayleigh-instability-induced
bismuth nanorods encapsulated in N-doped carbon nanotubes (Bi@N–C)
using Bi2S3 nanobelts as the template for high-performance
SIB. The Bi@N–C electrode delivers superior sodium storage
performance in half cells, including a high specific capacity (410
mA h g–1 at 50 mA g–1), long cycling
lifespan (1000 cycles), and superior rate capability (368 mA h g–1 at 2 A g–1). When coupled with
homemade Na3V2(PO4)3/C
in full cells, this electrode also exhibits excellent performances
with high power density of 1190 W kg–1 and energy
density of 119 Wh kg–1
total. The exceptional
performance of Bi@N–C is ascribed to the unique nanorod@nanotube
structure, which can accommodate volume expansion of Bi during cycling
and stabilize the solid electrolyte interphase layer and improve the
electronic conductivity.
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