Li−CO 2 batteries have attracted increasing attention recently due to their high discharging voltage (∼2.8 V) and large theoretical specific energy (1876 Wh kg −1 ). The conversion of CO 2 relieves its detrimental impact effect on the environment. Despite the aforementioned superiorities, practical Li−CO 2 batteries are still restricted by some issues, such as intricate multiphase interfacial reactions and intrinsic insulating characteristics of carbonate products. Here, reaction mechanisms based on CO 2 conversion reaction are summarized. Updated research achievements about catalytic cathodes and electrolyte systems are reviewed and discussed. Critical scientific issues and innovative perspectives are presented for Li−CO 2 electrochemistry. This review provides an overall recognition for the latest Li− CO 2 system and indicates the potential evolutions for the next-generation energy storage system.

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