Flexible lithium‐ion batteries (LIBs) with high energy density are of urgent need for the ever‐increasing flexible and wearable electronic equipments, but limited by the low areal loading of active materials in traditional electrodes with lamellar structure. It is still a great challenge to solve the sluggish electron/ion transport problem caused by increasing the areal loading of active materials. Herein, a kind of ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA) is proposed to provide flexible supports and ion channels for ultra‐thick flexible LFP/CNT/EVA cathode and LTO/CNT/EVA anode, thereby achieving high energy density and all flexible LIBs. LFP/CNT/EVA shows a ternary homogeneous structure formed by the entanglement of EVA chains and CNT on LFP, which attributes to LFP content up to 80wt% and adjustable thickness from 20 to 460 µm. In sharp contrast to previous studies LFP/CNT/EVA delivers basically the constant specific capacity of ≈160 mAh g−1 at a 0.1 C rate with the thickness increasing, thus achieving ultrahigh areal capacity up to 4.56 mAh cm−2. A flexible full LIBs based on LFP/CNT/EVA and LTO/CNT/EVA is demonstrated and exhibits favorable cycle performance under an alternant flat and bending state. Those findings are supposed to open new avenues for designing high‐energy‐density flexible LIBs for future wearable energy storage devices.
Breast cancer, the most common cancer among women, is a clinically and biologically heterogeneous disease. Numerous prognostic tools have been proposed, including gene signatures. Unlike proliferation-related prognostic gene signatures, many immune-related gene signatures have emerged as principal biology-driven predictors of breast cancer. Diverse statistical methods and data sets were used for building these immune-related prognostic models, making it difficult to compare or use them in clinically meaningful ways. This study evaluated successfully published immune-related prognostic gene signatures through systematic validations of publicly available data sets. Eight prognostic models that were built upon immune-related gene signatures were evaluated. The performances of these models were compared and ranked in ten publicly available data sets, comprising a total of 2,449 breast cancer cases. Predictive accuracies were measured as concordance indices (C-indices). All tests of statistical significance were two-sided. Immune-related gene models performed better in estrogen receptor-negative (ER−) and lymph node-positive (LN+) breast cancer subtypes. The three top-ranked ER− breast cancer models achieved overall C-indices of 0.62–0.63. Two models predicted better than chance for ER+ breast cancer, with C-indices of 0.53 and 0.59, respectively. For LN+ breast cancer, four models showed predictive advantage, with C-indices between 0.56 and 0.61. Predicted prognostic values were positively correlated with ER status when evaluated using univariate analyses in most of the models under investigation. Multivariate analyses indicated that prognostic values of the three models were independent of known clinical prognostic factors. Collectively, these analyses provided a comprehensive evaluation of immune-related prognostic gene signatures. By synthesizing C-indices in multiple independent data sets, immune-related gene signatures were ranked for ER+, ER−, LN+, and LN− breast cancer subtypes. Taken together, these data showed that immune-related gene signatures have good prognostic values in breast cancer, especially for ER− and LN+ tumors.
Inspired by the results of molecular dynamic simulation, a novel binary poly (ethylene-alt-2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-1-piperidinyloxy (TEMPO) maleate) (PETM) and single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNT) nanocomposite thin film is first prepared and used as...
Carbon nanotube (CNT) films have extensive applications due to their excellent electrical, mechanical, and thermal properties. A grand challenge is controlling areal density of CNT films to accommodate various applications. Here, a method based on the Marangoni effect is used to fabricate liquid-supported CNT films with tunable areal density, scalable area, and transferability to arbitrary substrates. By adjusting the viscosity and surface tension of the base liquid media, the Marangoni flow area of surfactant-assisted single-walled CNT (SWCNT) dispersion on the surface of base media was controllable and sparse or dense SWCNT films can be easily obtained. The thickness of the films is controlled by changing the concentration of the SWCNT dispersion. These SWCNTbased transparent-conductive films have widely controllable transmittance and conductivity and exhibit great photoelectric properties (T ∼ 82.4%, R s ∼ 407 Ω/sq).
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