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We report continuous-wave deep red lasers at 696.6 and 698.6 nm in a Pr 3 :YLF crystal pumped by an InGaN laser diode. A Lyot filter was inserted into the cavity as a birefringent filter to select wavelength; the lasers at 696.6 and 698.6 nm were obtained with a maximum output power of 1.36 and 3.11 W, separately. To the best of our knowledge, the output powers of these two lasers are the highest to date, and this is the first scaling of the output power of the Pr 3 :YLF laser to the watt level at around 696 nm. In addition, the corresponding theoretical analysis and simulation were carried out to explain the experimental phenomena.

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To date, lasing in the visible to near-infrared wavelengths has been studied for praseodymium-doped fluoride fibers with the upper energy level of 3P0. In this Letter, a fiber laser operating at 1015 nm has been realized for the first time, to the best of our knowledge, which confirms a new mechanism where 1D2 can be the upper energy level. A maximum output power of 241 mW, with a slope efficiency of 30%, was achieved by using a 150-cm-long active fiber pumped at a maximum pump power of 823 mW. Furthermore, the broad emission spectra of Pr3+-doped fibers in the near-infrared band have been exploited as new, to the best of our knowledge, spectral sources.